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  • 學位論文

學生對一維運動之文字與x-t圖表徵的理解分析研究

A study of junior high school students’ comprehension betweenkinematic x-t graph and text for one dimensional motion

指導教授 : 楊文金
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摘要


本研究旨在探討學生轉換直線運動的文字與x-t圖二種表徵時的理解情形。研究設計分為量化研究和質性研究二部分。量化研究旨在探討學生作「x-t圖」之特徵和自然科知識與作x-t圖能力的關係,對象為屏東市某國中一國三班已學過直線運動概念的34名學生。質性研究旨在探討學生的讀x-t圖能力與作x-t圖能力的關係,並藉由訪談瞭解他們轉換文字與x-t圖時的理解情形。研究方法為從屏東市某國中另一國三班挑選不同讀x-t圖能力的學生,採一對一的方式測驗其作x-t圖能力,之後進行半結構式晤談。 本研究發現:(一)學生的自然科成績與作x-t圖能力高相關(r=.85,p< .01);(二) 知道x-t圖表示的運動方向之讀x-t圖能力和作x-t圖能力有顯著關係(p= .03< .05);(三)學生作x-t圖之錯誤類型:(1)忘記將座標軸的交點以「0」表示;(2)認為座標軸的交點為實際位置的原點;(3)橫縱軸與x-t圖對調;(4)物理量混淆;(5)畫與負概念有關的運動之直角坐標時,無法正確表示x和t的刻度; (6)未能掌握各物理量「負」概念的意義;(四)大多數受試者知道x代表「位置」,少數受試者認為x代表跟原點的距離;(五)大多數受試者知道運動方向和速度方向相同,少數受試者知道運動方向和位置無關;(六)多數經過作圖協助的受試者對x-t圖表示之「運動方向」和「速度大小」的理解具有一致性。 根據本研究的結果,對未來直線運動的教學提出下列建議:(一)應將t為自變數和x為應變數的概念納入教學;(二)應多畫含負x的x-t圖;(三)釐清位置、速度等物理量「方向」概念的差異。

並列摘要


The purpose of this study is to explore the comprehension students hold for rectilinear motion via the transformation between x-t graph and text. The study included two domain – quality & quantity strategy. The subjects included 34 junior high school students who have learned the concept of rectilinear motion in Ping-Tung County, to collect the traits of x-t graph subjects sketch, and find the correlation of science knowledge and sketching x-t graph ability with quantity strategy. Researcher selected another gread-9 class to find the relation of reading x-t graph abilities and sketching x-t graph ability, and to know the comprehension students have while they transform text to x-t graph with quality strategy. Based on their response, the major finding as following: 1. There is high correlation between sketch ability and science score(r=.85p< .01) 2. There is difference of sketching x-t graph ability between subjects who have the reading x-t graph abilities that knows the motion direction x-t graph represent or not. (p= .03< .05) 3. There are six error types in sketching x-t graph: (1) Forget to label “0” at the intersection point of axis; (2) Deem the intersection point of axis as the origin of position; (3) Exchange the positions of physical quantities x and t; (4) Confused with physical quantities, like position and velocity; (5) Unable to sketch scales of x-t graph involving negative concepts; (6) Subjects are confused with the negative concepts of physical quantities. 4. Most subjects know x represent position, and less deem x is distance to the origin. 5. Most subjects know the same meaning of direction of motion and velocity, and less know the direction of motion is irrelevant to position. 6. Most Subjects accepting help of sketching graph know “the moving direction” and “the scale of velocity” that x-t graph represent. We can conclude some suggestions from this study: (1)Integrating independent variable-(t, time) and dependent variable-(x, position) into curriculum, (2)Sketching x-t graph involving negative x more often, (3)Clarifying the difference of direction of position and velocity.

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