平版印刷廠噪音防治現況分析

An Analysis on the Noise Control Practice of Offset Lithographic Printing Plants

彭韻華

指導教授 ： 許瀛鑑 博士

國立臺灣師範大學/科技學院/圖文傳播學系/碩士(2002年)

摘要

本研究探討平版印刷廠噪音防治現況，旨在瞭解1.平版印刷廠的噪音位準現況。2.平版印刷機操作技術員對噪音與噪音管制相關法令的認知。3.平版印刷機操作技術員受印刷機噪音影響的情形。4.平版印刷機操作技術員對政府執行噪音管制相關法令的看法。5.平版印刷機操作技術員對佩戴聽力防護用具的看法。6.平版印刷機操作技術員對工作埸所印刷機噪音防治措施的看法。7.平版印刷機操作技術員對定期聽力檢查的看法。8.平版印刷業者實施噪音工程控制的意願。
本研究以實地調查瞭解平版印刷廠的噪音位準現況，問卷調查瞭解平版印刷機操作技術員對印刷機噪音控制與聽力防護的看法，訪問調查瞭解平版印刷業者實施噪音工程控制的意願。
本研究結果歸納如下：
1.張頁平版印刷機給紙單元的平均噪音為86.4dB，印刷單元的平均噪音為85.7dB，收紙單元的平均噪音為85.7dB。輪轉平版印刷機給紙單元的平均噪音為88.9dB，印刷單元的平均噪音為91.9dB，收紙單元的平均噪音為94.7dB。
2.平版印刷機操作技術員對於噪音與噪音管制相關法令認知的程度很高。
3.平版印刷機操作技術員認為工作埸所的印刷機噪音量太高、自從操作平版印刷機之後，聽力隨著工作年資增加而變差。
4.平版印刷機操作技術員認為法政府應強制執行當噪音超過85dB需佩戴聽力防護用具，且政府未確實執行定期檢測工廠機器噪音量。
5.平版印刷機操作技術員認為佩戴聽力防護用會妨礙工作進行且聽不見機器異常的聲音，在工作時主動佩戴耳塞或耳罩的百分比很低。
6.低於15﹪的平版印刷機操作技術員對公司減少機器噪音的作法與定期舉辦聽力保護講習或訓練覺得滿意。
7.平版印刷機操作技術員認為雇主應該負擔員工聽力檢查的費用、印刷機操作技術員有必要定期作聽力檢查、若規定印刷機操作技術員必須定期聽力檢查也會遵守。
8.因為印刷業者認為實施噪音工程的效果未必很理想，加上經濟衰退景氣低靡等因素，業者投資噪音工程控制意願低落。

關鍵字

噪音防治 ； 平版印刷 ； 噪音位準

並列摘要

In this thesis, I probed the noise control practice of offset lithographic printing plants. There are eight objectives: 1. the status of the noise level in offset lithographic printing plants; 2. the perception of the offset press operators about the noise and the related laws; 3. the influences of the noise of offset press on the operators; 4. the operators’ opinions about the government’s executive ability of relative noise laws; 5. the operators’ opinions about using ear protectors ; 6. the operators’ viewpoints about how well the noise control of printing press had been done in the work place; 7. the operators’ opinions about periodical hearing tests; 8. the will of the proprietors of offset lithographic printing companies to install the engineering control of noise.

In this research, I surveyed the status of the noise level in the offset lithographic printing plants. By conducting a questionnaire, I investigated the operators’ opinions about the noise control and about hearing protection. I conducted interviews to understand owners’ opinions on installing the engineering control of noise.
The findings of this research are as follows:
1. The average noise level of sheetfed offset press in feeding unit, printing unit, and delivery unit were 86.4 dB, 85.7 dB, and 85.7 dB, respectively. As to the web offset press, the average noise level in feeding unit, printing unit, and delivery unit were 88.9 dB, 91.9 dB, and 94.7 dB, respectively.
2. The offset press operators had a good understanding of the noise and relative noise control regulations.
3. Operators in offset lithographic printing plants believed that the noise level of offset press was high. Following operating the offset press, their hearing ability progressively worsened as time went by.
4. Operators of offset press believed that the government should enforce workers to use ear protectors while the noise level was over 85 dB. Besides, they thought that the government did not perform periodical hearing tests.
5. Operators thought that it would interfere with the process of the work if using ear protectors; therefore, few operators would use earplugs or earmuffs while they were at work.
6. Less than 15% of the interviewees were satisfied the noising control of printing press and workshops on hearing protection had been done in their companies.
7. Operators thought that employers should pay the fee of hearing tests for employees, and printing press operators should take periodical hearing tests, and would obey to take hearing tests if required by law.
8. Owing to the lack of confidence in the effect of the engineering control of noise and the influence of economic recession, the proprietors of offset lithographic printing companies were not willing to install the engineering control of noise.

並列關鍵字

Noise Control ； Offset Lithographic Printing ； Noise Level

參考文獻

王建楠、吳宗穎(民90)：環境噪音污染-聽力的隱形殺手，中華職業醫學雜誌，第八卷第一期，PP11-20。

張興容(民88)：噪音對工傷事故、生產效率的影響及防護，工業安全衛生月刊，PP32-35。

行政院環境保護署(民87)：環境音量標準，環境保護法令彙編。

行政院環境保護署(民87)：噪音污染管制，環境保護法令彙編。

印研中心技術輔導組(民87)：印刷工業技術推廣與輔導計畫之推行，台灣區印刷工業同業公會五十週年紀念特刊，台灣區印刷工業同業公會出版，PP 104-107。