國民中學特教組長領導特質與領導效能關係之研究

唐慧敏

指導教授 ： 王振德

國立臺灣師範大學/教育學院/特殊教育學系/碩士(2002年)

摘要

本研究旨在探討國民中學特教組長領導特質與領導效能之關係，研究目的有五：(一)調查國民中學特教行政主管及特教教師所知覺的特教組長領導特質的現況。(二)調查國民中學特教行政主管及特教教師所知覺的特教組長領導效能的現況。(三)探討特教行政主管及特教教師所知覺的領導特質與領導效能的差異情形？(四)分析、歸納影響國民中學特教組長領導效能的主要背景(學校背景及個人背景)因素。(五)探討領導特質與領導效能間的關係？
本研究之母群體為民國九十一學年度台灣地區北部六縣市國民中學設有特教組長編制的學校，問卷填答者為特教行政主管和特教班老師。為使樣本具代表性，本研究採分層隨機抽樣抽取100所設有特教組長編製的國民中學，共計700人為本研究之樣本，有效回收問卷共計324份，有效回收率為46%。
本研究所採用之問卷計有：一、學校基本資料。二、國民中學特教組長領導特質量表。三、國民中學特教組長領導效能量表。上述量表均經因素分及專家審查。
調查研究資料採用描述統計、t考驗、F考驗、單因子變異數分析皮爾遜積差相關等推論統計法，加以分析與討論，並根據研究結果提出下列幾點結論：
一、國民中學特教組長領導特質的表現以身心特質的表現較被認同，其次為人際關係特質，而以組織管理技能特質的表現最低。
二、國民中學特教組長領導效能的表現屬中上程度，在組織目標達成度的表現上較佳。
三、特教行政主管及特教教師所知覺的特教組長領導特質沒有顯著差異。
四、特教行政主管及特教教師所知覺的特教組長領導效能的表現在組織目標達成度上有顯著差異，在領導滿意度上則沒有顯著差異。
五、國民中學特教組長領導效能之表現，因特定背景變項之不同而有差異。
六、總領導特質與總領導效能間呈現高度相關。
七、各領導特質與總領導效能皆呈高度相關，以組織管理特質與領導效能的相關最高，人際關係特質次之，身心特質則略低。
根據研究結論，研究者對特教行政機關、國民中學特教組長與未來研究提出若干建議。

關鍵字

特教 ； 領導特質 ； 領導效能

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships among leadership traits and leadership effectiveness of the special education section leader in junior high schools. The study attempted to explore the following five research concerns：(1) to understand how the special education administrative headmasters and the special education instructors perceive the leadership traits of the special education section leaders in junior high schools in current situation. (2) to survey how the special education administrative headmasters and the special education instructors sense the leadership effectiveness of the special education section leaders in junior high schools in current situation. (3) to examine the differences of leadership traits and leadership effectiveness perceived by between the special education administrative headmasters and the special education instructors. (4) to analyze and induce the major background that affects the special education section leaders in junior high schools. (5) to explore the relationships between leadership traits and leadership effectiveness.
The repliers of the study included the special education administrative headmasters and the special education instructors of six counties and cities in northern Taiwan in 2002. In order to make the samples more representative, this sampling survey, which was based on proportionately stratified at random, consisted of 700 subjects who were chosen from 100 junior high schools with the organization of special education section leader. There were 324 valid return questionnaires in total, with the valid return rate at 46%.
The research instrument was composed of three questionnaires： (1) the profile of the junior high school. (2) the leadership traits questionnaire of SES’ leaders. (3) the leadership effectiveness questionnaire of SES’ leaders. All of them were revised by scholars and tested by factor analysis.
The data was analyzed by a number of statistical techniques such as descriptive statistics, t-test, F-test, one way ANOVA, and Pearson’s Product-moment Correlation. The results were as following：
(1) The leadership traits performed by the special education section leaders in junior high school at personality and moral qualities was highly identified, interpersonal relationship traits the second, and organization management traits the lowest.
(2) The leadership effectiveness performed by the special education section leaders in junior high school was higher than average, especially good at organization goal achievement.
(3) There was no significant difference of leadership traits perceived by between the special education administrative headmasters and the special education instructors.
(4) There were striking differences in leadership effectiveness of between the special education administrative headmasters and the special education instructors at organization goal achievement, but no difference at leadership satisfaction.
(5) The leadership effectiveness performed by the special education section leaders in junior high school differs at some background variables.
(6) Total leadership traits and total leadership effectiveness are highly correlated.
(7) The leadership traits and total leadership effectiveness are strongly correlated. The organization management traits and leadership effectiveness have the highest correlation, interpersonal relation traits the second, personality and moral qualities the lowest.
Based on the above findings, the researcher has made suggestions regarding effective inclusion and future studies.

參考文獻

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戴振浩(民90)，國民小學男女校長領導特質與學校效能關係之研究。台北師範學院國民教育研究所碩士論文。

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