國民中學教師對著作權的認知與態度之研究∼以台中縣市為例

The Study on the Cognition and Attitude of Junior High School Teachers Regard to the Copyright -- Sampling of Taichung County and City Area

陳虹妏(CHEN-HUNG-WEN)

指導教授 ： 林安邦

國立臺灣師範大學/教育學院/公民教育與活動領導學系在職進修碩士班/碩士(2005年)

摘要

中文摘要
傳播科技的發達，民眾可以快速地參考、使用他人的著作，但相較之下對著作權的觀念就顯得薄弱。而校園中有關著作權的問題也屢見不鮮，例如「成大MP3事件」、中部地區多所大學附近的影印店，因其代印原文書而被搜索、校園周圍商圈公然販賣拷貝光碟等現象皆經常可見。
不只各年齡層的學生缺乏尊重他人著作的觀念，扮演知識傳遞者角色的教師對著作權的相關法令也一知半解，往往誤觸法網而不自覺。教師在從事教學活動中所使用的教材或教學媒體也隱藏著許多著作權的相關問題，教師們不可不瞭解。
到底現今國民中學教師對著作權相關的認知與態度為何，直到目前仍沒有實證數據可供參考。因此想藉由此一研究來瞭解國民中學教師對著作權認知與態度的現況，以便將來規劃出良好的教育策略及訓練，提升校園正確的著作權觀念。
本研究主要目的在探討台中縣市國民中學教師對著作權的認知與態度為何，並進一步分析二者間之相關情形，俾提供教育機關、學校人員參考。為達到研究目的，首先針對著作權基本概念、教學所遭遇到著作權的問題及教學合理使用空間之探討等等相關文獻加以整理分析，作為建構本研究之理論基礎。
再者，研究者使用自編之「國民中學教師對著作權認知與態度之研究問卷」作為研究工具，針對性別、最高學歷、任教年資、擔任職務、是否曾經修過（研習過）著作權法、主要任教科目、任職地區、學校規模八個不同變項進行研究。本論文研究對象以分層比例抽樣方法，抽取台中縣市35間公立學校國中教師共504人，正式施測有效樣本共466位。調查研究以SPSS10.0 for Window進行描述統計、獨立樣本t考驗、單因子變異數分析、皮爾森積差相關分析等統計方法，研究重要發現如下：
一、台中縣市國民中學教師整體對著作權認知有稍高的理解程度，尤其對「教學相關著作權」的認知最高。
二、台中縣市國民中學教師在性別、是否曾經修過（研習過）著作權法以及任職地區的變項上，呈現出其在著作權認知的量表上有顯著差異。
三、台中縣市國民中學教師整體對著作權態度有較高的正向認同，尤其對「著作權相關概念」的認同最高。
四、台中縣市國民中學教師在學歷、任教年資、是否曾經修過（研習過）著作權法以及任職地區的變項上，呈現出其在著作權態度的量表上有顯著差異。
五、台中縣市國民中學教師著作權的認知與態度間呈現正相關之共變關係。
本研究根據研究結果提出具體建議如下：
一、對主管教育機關的建議
（一）多舉辦推廣著作權法的研習活動；（二）提供教師如何取得著作權授權的訊息，並協助建立一套授權機制；（三）多蒐集基層教師的看法，以作為訂定「授課合理使用範圍」之參考。
二、對學校行政單位的建議
（一）體認知識經濟時代來臨，協助推廣著作權觀念；（二）購買影音教材應注意授權範圍；（三）傾聽不同職務教師的意見，反映給上級機關。
三、對國民中學教師的建議
（一）增加自身認知，提升著作權觀念；（二）從小處著眼，積極扮演尊重著作權的推手；（三）改變冷漠心態，積極提出修法意見。
四、對未來相關研究的建議
（一）研究對象與區域---可擴大取樣範圍，使研究推論更加廣泛。
（二）研究變項---可再增加變項，以便更全面檢視教師的著作權認知與態度。
（三）研究方法---可輔以訪談或觀察等質性研究方法，以取得更詳盡資料。

關鍵字：國中教師、著作權、認知、態度

關鍵字

國中教師、著作權、認知、態度

並列摘要

Abstract
Owing to the well development of mass media technology, man can refer and use the original creations easily. But it leads to a conceptual crisis of weakness of copyright protection, especially in schools. Not only the students lack the copyright concept, but also the teachers, as the erudition propagators, have a smattering of copyright knowledge. There are many copyright issues hiding in the educating actions such as using of educating materials and multimedia. Consequently, many teachers infringed the copyright without consciousness. The basic concepts of copyright are very important for teachers in their educating actions. However, few studies have been done on the cognition and attitude of junior high school teachers regard to the copyright. There are no practical data can be referred to promote the correct educational copyright concepts. Therefore, the aim of this study is to understand the cognition and attitude of junior high school teachers regard to the copyright; furthermore, to discuss the relationship between these two behaviors.
Questionnaire study was adopted to investigate. Eight directions were discussed in this study- gender, highest educating, years of teaching, function of office, whether have learned (or studied) copyright, teaching course, working area and school scale. Level proportional sampling method was used in this study. Original samples are 504 teachers from 35 public junior high schools in Taichung County and City. The effective samples are 466. The SPSS v. 10.0 for windows was utilized to precede state statistics, independent T-test, single factor ANOVA and Pearson’s Product-Moment Correlation Analysis.
The important results of this study are listed as follows:
1.The Teachers have higher understanding level of copyright cognition, especially about “the copyright about education.”
2.There are significant differences on the Scale of Copyright Cognition in the directions of gender, whether have learned (or studied) copyright and working area.
3.The teachers have higher positive agreement of the attitude to copyright, especially to “the concept of copyright.”
4.There are significant differences on the Scale of Attitude to Copyright in the directions of highest educating, whether have learned (or studied) copyright and working area.
5.The relationship between the cognition and attitude of Taichung County and City to the copyright presents positive correlation.
From this study, some concrete recommendations are listed as follows:
For the educational government organizations:
1.Workshops of copyright popularization are needed.
2.Helping to set up a mechanism of educating materials authorization.
3.Collect the opinions of basic teachers to conclude “the reasonable range/limit of education using.”
For the school administrative unit:
1.Be an auxiliary to popularize copyright concepts.
2.Notice the authorization range of educating multimedia.
3.Reflect the opinions of teachers to the educational government organization.
For the junior high school teachers:
1.Improve the self-cognition of copyright.
2.Be an active copyright promoter.
3.Propose the comment of the law about copyright.
For the future study:
1.Broaden sampling field to investigate more completely.
2.Increase studying directions to overall survey the teacher’s cognition and attitude of copyright.
3.The questionnaire method combines with qualitative method (interview or observation) to obtain detail information.

Keywords: junior high school teacher, copyright, cognition, attitude

並列關鍵字

junior high school teacher, copyright, cognition, attitude

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