台灣地區公立國民中學生教組長角色壓力之研究

A Study on the Role Pressure of Chief of Behavior Section of Public Junior High Schools in Taiwan

黃逸民

指導教授 ： 程金保

國立臺灣師範大學/科技學院/工業教育學系在職進修碩士班/碩士(2006年)

摘要

本研究的主要目的在於了解台灣地區國民中學生教組長角色壓力的現況，並探討其相關因素，包括教師不同背景變項(如：性別、工作年資、婚姻、教育背景、學校規模、任教地區)、知覺校長領導方式、生教組長控制信念，以做為未來研究改進學校行政制度的參考。本研究採用問卷調查法，以台灣本島地區二十二縣市（包括臺北縣、宜蘭縣、桃園縣、新竹縣、苗栗縣、台中縣、彰化縣、南投縣、雲林縣、嘉義縣、台南縣、高雄縣、屏東縣、台東縣、花蓮縣、基隆市、新竹市、台中市、嘉義市、台南市、台北市、高雄市）公立國民中學生教組長普查對象，共計發出問卷六百九十一份，回收有效問卷四百四十二份，可用率為63.97%。統計方法則使用次數分配、百分比、平均數、標準差、獨立樣本t考驗、單因子變異數分析及Scheffe’法進行事後比較等方法加以分析及進行考驗。
壹、本研究發現角色壓力構面由高至低依序是：角色衝突、量的角色過度負荷、質的角色過度負荷、角色模糊。
貳、就背景變項而言：
一、性別：女性生教組長在感受質的角色過度負荷壓力較高，其他構面的壓力則無顯著差異。
二、婚姻狀況：角色衝突構面上已婚及未婚並沒有顯著差異，其他構面來說，未婚的生教組長壓力皆高於已婚之生教組長。
三、教育背景：質的角色過度負荷構面上，學分班學歷者顯著高於研究所學歷者，其他構面來看，則三者並未有顯著差異。
四、生教組長累計年資：在角色衝突構面及量的角色過度負荷構面上，累計年資二至五年者壓力顯著高於累計年資十年以上者；在角色模糊構面及質的角色過度負荷構面上，累計年資未達二年者壓力顯著高於累計年資達十年以上者。
五、任教地區：任教地區為鄉鎮者其在角色模糊壓力高於任教市區者；任教於市區者其在量的角色過度負荷壓力則高於任教鄉鎮者。至於其他構面則無顯著差異。
六、學校班級數：除角色衝突構面上並無顯著差異外，其他構面則呈現班級數為12班以下（含）者，生教組長的壓力顯著高於25-60班者。
參、就生教組長個人控制信念的不同，感受到角色壓力各構面差異，外控傾向者，其壓力程度顯著高於內控傾向者。
肆、不同的校長領導模式，生教組長感受整體角色壓力之高低，角色衝突構面及量的角色過度負荷構面上，高倡導低關懷組明顯較高倡導高關懷組來得高；在角色模糊構面及質的角色過度負荷構面上，低倡導高關懷組則明顯感受壓力高於高倡導高關懷組的生教組長。

關鍵字：角色壓力、生教組長、公立國民中學、控制信念、校長領導

關鍵字

角色壓力 ； 生教組長 ； 控制信念 ； 校長領導 ； 公立國民中學

並列摘要

The purpose of this study is to understand the current situation of role pressure on chiefs of behavior section of public junior high schools in Taiwan and explore their related factors including variables of different background of teachers (such as sex, seniority, marital status, education background, school size and area who taught), conscious of principal’s leadership behaviors and locus of control. The results will be available for the reference of those who make researches on the improvement of school administrative systems. The study adopted questionnaire survey method that we conducted a survey among chiefs of behavior section of public junior high schools in 22 counties and cities (including Taipei County, I-lan County, Taoyuan County, Hsinchu County, Miaoli County, Taichung County, Changhua County, Nantou County, Yunlin County, Chiayi County, Tainan County, Kaohsiung County, Pingdong County, Hualian County, Keelung City, Hsinchu City, Taichung City, Chiayi City, Tainan City, Taipei City and Kaohsiung City) around Taiwan. Total 691 questionnaires were distributed and 422 effective questionnaires returned. The usability ratio was 63.97%.In statistics, frequency distribution, percentage, mean, standard deviation, independent sample t-test, one-way ANOVA analysis and Scheffe’ method for post comparison were used to make analysis and test.

Ⅰ、 The study found that role pressure aspects in the order from the
highest to the lowest were role conflict, amount role overload, quality role overload and role ambiguity.

Ⅱ、 For the variables of background:
1. Sex: The quility role overload pressure of female chiefs of behavior sections was slightly higher than male chiefs of behavior sections.Others were no significant difference.
2. Marital Status: In the role conflict pressure, there was no significant difference between those who were unmarried and those who had married. In others pressure, unmarried chiefs of behavior sections had the higher pressure.
3. Educational Background: The quility role overload pressure of those who graduated from various credit classes had higher pressure those who graduated from graduate schools. Others were no significant difference.
4. Accumulated Seniority of Chiefs of Behavior Sections: In the pressure of role ambiguity and quality role overload, those who were two to five years of seniority had higher pressure than those who were more than ten years.
5. Areas who taught: The role ambiguity pressure of those who taught in county areas were higher than those who taught in metropolitan areas. The amount role overload pressure of those who taught in metropolitan areas were higher than those who taught in county areas. Others were no significant difference.
6. Numbers of School Classes: There was no slightly difference in role conflict pressure. Beside, the schools of less than 12 classes had higher pressure than those schools of 25 to 60 classes.

Ⅲ、The degrees of integral role pressure that the chiefs of behavior sections felt were different with their personal locus of control. Those who were inclined to external control had more significant pressure than those who were inclined to internal control.

Ⅳ、A chief of behavior section would feel different integral role pressures with different principal’s leadership behaviors. In the pressure of role conflict and amount role overload, high initiation and low consideration had higher pressure than high initiation and high consideration. In the pressure of role ambiguity and quality role overload, low initiation and high consideration had higher pressure than high initiation and high consideration.

並列關鍵字

Role Pressure ； Chief of Behavior Section ； locus of control ； Principal's Leading Type ； Public Junior High Schools in Taiwan

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