影響本國銀行信用卡利率訂價因素之探討

An Empirical Analysis of Credit Card Pricing for Taiwan’s Banks

廖子彬(Tzu Pin Liao)

指導教授 ： 王瑜琳

國立中正大學/管理學院/經濟系國際經濟研究所/碩士(2013年)

摘要

金融風暴引爆長期以來銀行業潛藏的壞帳，再加上全球的經濟不景氣，及台灣傳統產業的出走，讓台灣的企業金融的壞帳損失上升、獲利驟減和經營愈加困難。此時銀行業發現企業金融業務實在無利可圖，而消費金融的業務利潤不錯，遂逐漸的調整營運項目的比重，紛紛加入了消費金融的領域，在消費金融的戰場上，各家銀行更是努力於信用卡、現金卡、其他小額無擔保信用貸款等業務的發展。
本研究探討台灣 36 家銀行 2008 年 1 月至 2012 年 12 月間的信用卡利率訂價因素，利用月資料進行迴歸分析，因信用卡循環利率與循環信用利息收入有內生性，故採2SLS估計，結果發現，信用卡循環利率除了與循環信用利息收入、有效卡數、循環信用餘額、簽帳金額與重貼現率達統計上顯著外，銀行信用卡利率之調整並未受其逾期帳款比率之影響，為不合理的定價行為。
近年來有立委提議調降信用卡循環利率法定上限，然而，調降利率可能造成銀行無利可圖之外，還可能引起不良借貸者進入市場的情況之下，反而可能造成銀行又再度面臨雙卡的呆帳風暴，在近年來全體金融業不景氣的情況之下，金融業已經不能夠再次面臨衝擊，政府除了就資金成本面考量以外，也應該思考，如何有效的解決市場資訊不對稱的情況，否則呆帳風暴可能再次襲來。

關鍵字

訂價因素 ； 循環利率 ； 信用卡

並列摘要

The financial crisis of 2007–2008, also known as the Global Financial Crisis and 2008 financial crisis, is considered by many economists to be the worst financial crisis since the Great Depression of the 1930s. It resulted in the threat of total collapse of large financial institutions, the bailout of banks by national governments, and downturns in stock markets around the world. In many areas, the housing market also suffered, resulting in evictions, foreclosures and prolonged unemployment. The crisis played a significant role in the failure of key businesses, declines in consumer wealth estimated in trillions of US dollars, and a downturn in economic activity leading to the 2008–2012 global recession and contributing to the European sovereign-debt crisis.
In this study, we use monthly data of Taiwan 36 banks from January 2008 to December 2012 to analysis the credit card interest rate pricing factors. Due to credit card circulation rate and revolving credit interest income are endogenous, so the analysis method uses 2SLS. The results showed that, in addition to credit cards and revolving credit revolving interest rates interest income, number of active cards, revolving credit balances, spending amount and the discount rate was statistically significant, the bank credit card interest rate cycle and its delinquency ratio is not statistically significant.

參考文獻

財政部金融監督管理委員會統計資料 (2013)

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