試用期間之法律問題研究

The Study of The Legal Issues Relating to The Probation Period

陳韋吟(Wei-Yin Chen)

指導教授 ： 楊通軒

國立中正大學/社會科學院/勞工關係學研究所/碩士(2016年)

摘要

試用期間於我國實務上很常見，雇主於招募員工時，對新進員工會約定試用期間，於此期間內觀察該新進員工之學習能力、工作態度、人格特質等。於此期間內提供勞資雙方觀察與判斷之機會，雇主可判斷勞工有無企業所需之工作能力及其職務適格性；勞工也可觀察該企業之未來願景與工作環境是否能夠符合本身的需求，勞資雙方均有適當之緩衝時間與空間。然現行我國對試用期間並無明確之規定，且基於私法自治，勞資雙方可自由約定試用期間與相關之勞動條件，但有些雇主會藉此壓低試用勞工之勞動條件且由於試用之法律性質不明朗進而產生許多勞動爭議問題。
關於試用制度於現行實務上有其重要性，故本文以勞動契約為核心，藉以探討試用期間於我國法律之定位；再配合相關函釋見解與司法判決探討試用期間於我國實務上之現況；對試用期間所生之相關法律問題：勞動條件、年資合併問題、職業災害補償、預告期間與資遣費、延長試用、解雇等問題，提出見解與適用方法；再以我國現有之法律規範與司法實務對試用期間之效力所為之見解分析探討；最後嘗試以外國之相關理論與立法(日本與中國)，配合本文之觀點作檢視，提出建議，以求減少試用期間之勞資關係爭議。

關鍵字

解雇權保留 ； 職業災害 ； 勞動條件 ； 試用期間

並列摘要

The probation period is common in our country, when recruiting employees, employer will be probation period with new recruits, observe the ability to learn, the work attitude, personality and so on during this period. The opportunity to observe and judge of employers and employees, the employer may be required to determine the presence or absence of labor ability of enterprises and job eligibility; labor can also be seen whether the future vision of the company and working environment can meet their own needs, both sides have adequate time and space. However, the probation period is no express provision in law and based on private law autonomy, both sides are free to stipulate a probation period and the working conditions, but some employers will try to take down the working conditions of the workers and because the nature of the trail uncertain and bring about many labor dispute.

About the probation system is importance on the practice, the labor contract is the core of this paper, in order to discuss the positioning of the probation period to law; cooperate with the interpretative rules insights and judicial precedents to discuss the probation period status on the practice; this papers also deliberates on probation period issues, such as working conditions, seniority merger, occupational accident compensation, notice period and severance pay, extended probation, dismissal and other issues, propose ideas and apply methods; then analyzed and discussed the effectiveness of the probation period based on judicial precedents and law ; the last, try to view the foreign theory and legislation (Japan and China), with the point of view of this paper, make recommendations, in order to reduce the probation period.

並列關鍵字

Occupational Accident ； Working Conditions ； Probation Period ； Discharge Right Reserve

參考文獻

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