公立幼兒園融合班家長參與之研究以臺中市為例

A Study of Parents'' Participation in Inclusive Education Classes of Public Kindergartens - Taking the kindergartens in Taichung City as An Example.

林文怡(Wen-Yi Lin)

指導教授 ： 蘇慧菁

中臺科技大學/護理學院/文教事業經營研究所/碩士(2012年)

https://doi.org/10.6822/CTUST.2012.00017

摘要

本研究旨在了解公立幼兒園融合班家長參與的現況、家長參與的態度和家長參與的困境，更進一步去分析家長參與的情形與態度兩者間之相關；同時探討不同背景變項家長如：不同教育程度、與孩子的關係，不同子女數、不同職業、家庭每月收入及孩子的年齡、孩子的主要障礙類別不同等幼兒園融合班家長參與的關係。研究對象以100學年度就讀於臺中市公立幼兒園融合班中有特殊需求幼兒之家長為主，採用普查方式，將自編「公立幼兒園融合班家長參與」之調查問卷，作為調查研究的工具。問卷共發308份，有效問卷262份，蒐集整理資料後，再利用SPSS12.0進行描述統計、t考驗、單因子變異數分析及雪費法的事後比較、皮爾森積差相關等統計分析，以瞭解各變項之間的關係。
得到下列各項結論：
一、家長參與情形：公立幼兒園融合班家長實際參與的情形大部分偏重於「參與子女的學習」，家長職業為軍公教實際參與學校教育的參與程度高於家長職業服務業家長實際參與程度；家長子女數一個及家長子女數三個的實際參與學校教育的參與程度高於子女數二個的；孩子的障礙類別不同之家長於「參與子女的學習」在視覺障礙特殊需求幼兒家長參與學校教育的程度高於注意力缺陷過動障礙與智能障礙特殊需求幼兒的家長。
二、家長參與態度：公立幼兒園融合班家長在家長參與部份的態度偏重於「參與子女的學習」，但是「參與班級的活動」家長參與之態度在家庭每月收入達顯著水準，家庭每月收入30,000元(含)至40,000元收入及家庭每月收入60,000元(含)收入以上家長參與態度較家庭每月收入20,000(含)元至30,000元家長參與態度積極。
家長參與困境：公立幼兒園融合班家長參與之困境可分三個層面，家長對於「個人方面」家長參與之困擾程度較高，「家庭方面」次之，在「幼兒園方面」因素家長參與之困擾程度最低；不同家庭每月收入於「個人方面」及「家庭方面」家庭每月收入20,000元(含)至30,000元家長參與困擾程度高於家庭每月收入40,000元(含)至 50,000元，家庭每月收入20,000元(含)至30,000元家長參與困擾程度，高於家庭每月收入60,000元(含)以上，「整體狀況」家庭每月收入20,000元至30,000元家長參與困擾程度高於家庭每月收入60,000元(含)以上。子女數三個於「家庭方面」及「整體狀況」家長參與困擾度高於子女數二個的家長參與困擾度。
四、情形與態度相關：家長參與情形與參與態度之呈現正相關，亦即其參與程度愈高者，家長參與之態度愈正向。

關鍵字

公立幼兒園 ； 融合班 ； 家長參與

並列摘要

The purposes of this study were to understand the current state of parental involvement in, the attitudes towards, and the predicaments of inclusive education programs in public kindergartens. Furthermore, the relationships between parental involvement and the attitudes, and among different background variables, such as parents’ education level, relationship with the child, the number of children in the family, parents’ occupation, family’s monthly income, and types of the child''s special needs were analyzed in the study. The subjects were selected from the parents whose children were enrolled in the inclusive classes with special needs in public kindergartens of Taichung City during the academic year 2010-2011. A self-made questionnaire on the Parental Involvement in the Inclusive Education Programs in Kindergartens was developed to collect data in the study. A total of 308 copies of questionnaire were distributed, but only 272 valid respondents returned. The gathered data were analyzed using SPSS12.0 statistical analyses. Descriptive statistics, t-test, analysis of variances (ANOVA), and post hoc analysis and pearson correlation were used to analyze the relationships among variables.
The results of the study are concluded as follows:
1. Parental involvement in the inclusive education programs tends to focus on the children’s learning. Little attention is given to the involvement in class activities. Parents who are soldiers, teachers, and public servants involve in the programs more positively than those who are not. Parents who have one or three children involve in the programs more positively than those who have two children. Parents who have visually handicapped children pay more attention to their children’s learning than those who have children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
2. The attitudes towards involvement in the inclusive education programs tend to focus on the participation in their children''s learning. But significant differences are found in the participation in class activities. Parents who receive monthly income from NT$ 30,000 to NT$ 40,000 and over NT$ 60,000 have more positive attitudes towards the involvement in the programs than those who receive monthly income from NT$ 20,000 to NT$ 30,000. No significant differences are found in education level, relationship with the child, number of children, parents’ occupation, family status, monthly income, child''s age, and types of the child''s special needs.
3. Among the three aspects of the predicaments of parental involvement, parents have higher troubles in the aspect of individual , followed by the aspect of family, and then the aspect of kindergarten. Parents receiving monthly income from NT$ 20,000 to NT$ 30,000 have more troubles than parents receiving monthly income from NT$ 40,000 to NT$ 50,000. In terms of the overall aspect, parents receiving monthly income NT$ 20,000 to NT$ 30,000 have more troubles than parents receiving monthly income over NT$ 60,000. Parents having three children have more troubles than parents having two children in the aspect of family and overall.
4. There are positive correlations between parental involvement and the attitudes. This means that the higher the parental involvement is, the more positive their attitudes will be.

並列關鍵字

public kindergartens ； inclusive education ； parental involvement

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