論馮復京《說詩補遺》中之魏代詩評

On the Poetry Criticism of Wei Dynasty in Shuo Shi Bu Yi by Fu-Jing Feng

鄭婷尹(Ting-Yin Cheng)

《語文學報》 17期 (2011/12) Pp. 123-156

https://doi.org/10.6760/YWHP.201112.0123

摘要

明代詩評家們對魏代詩歌往往有獨到見解，然目前學界對此關照有限，故容有多處值得開採，馮復京之《說詩補遺》即是其一。本文首先扼要掌握馮氏的基本詩歌觀，主要區分為「以『格律』、『才情』為詩道之綱領」、「古詩需『渾厚典則，醞藉和平』」兩點，復以此為基礎，具體觀看復京批評魏代詩歌的情形，大體可歸納為「主張氣忌銳挺」、「肯定婉雅風格」、「力詆詩之俗鄙」等三點。諸論可見復京在主張氣忌銳挺之際，還細辨「神氣遒上」與「力勃氣竭」之異；在氣骨之外樹立起由「婉雅」觀看魏代詩歌的新視野；貶抑鄙俗的同時，尚細析鄙俚、古樸之別……等。凡此種種，誠有助於我們多元而深刻地理解魏代詩歌。在析論馮氏評魏代詩歌之際，本文亦嘗試回到詩歌批評的發展脈絡中，觀看復京詩評的時代意義。我們既可見到馮氏魏代詩評異於胡應麟、許學夷、竟陵派……的種種創見；對於明代詩評的理解，亦可於格調、性靈、神韻等派別外，見到更豐富而多元的發展。由此可見，不論是對魏代詩歌的理解，或者是置於詩歌批評流脈中，馮復京之詩論俱有不可抹滅之價值與貢獻。

關鍵字

馮復京 ； 《說詩補遺》 ； 魏代詩歌 ； 明代詩評 ； 建安風骨

並列摘要

The Ming Dynasty poetry critics often have special opinions about the poetry in the Wei Dynasty, but the recent researches don't show much concern about it. This situation leaves us a lot of chances to explore the Ming Dynasty poetry criticism, one of these is ”Shuo Shi Bu Yi” written by Fu-Jing Feng.Frist, we should hold the main points about poetry of Fu-Jing Feng. It can be divided into two parts, which are ”take rules and forms of poetic composition and talents and emotions as the guiding principles in poetry” and ”ancient poetry must be gentle, moderate and implicit”. After we hold the main points about poetry of Fu-Jing Feng, we can analyze the poetry criticism of the Wei Dynasty which is done by Fu-Jing Feng. The poetry criticism can be divided in to three parts, which are ”he strength of poems should not be too sharp” ”he concern about the implicit and graceful elements of poems” and ”the like about vulgar ingredients of poems”.By such exploration, we will have a better understanding of poetry in the Wei Dynasty. Besides, this research also reflect the remarkable values of the comments which are brought up by Fu-Jing Feng.

並列關鍵字

Fu-Jing Feng(馮復京) ； "Shuo Shi Bu Yi"(《說詩補遺》) ； the poetry in the Wei Dynasty ； poetry comments in the Ming Dynasty ； the strength of character in Jianan Period

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