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  • 期刊

買賣僧房舍契約

Deeds on Sales of a Buddhist Dwelling

摘要


新疆和田地區策勒縣文物保護管理所有一件于闐語案牘,雖殘片,卻十分難得。保存下來的底牘內、外各書有一件契約,記述了僧房舍的買賣。兩件契約所買賣的客體相同,但參與買賣的雙方已經發生變化。底牘內契約的賣方來自俗界,買方是屋悉貴故地一座寺院的比丘。而底牘外側參與買賣的均是自稱歸屬阿毗達摩的比丘。兩件契約簽署的年代自然有先後,底牘外側勉強可以辨認出于闐王尉遲曜6年的紀年。而底牘內的契約必然早於這個年代,但具體紀年已不可知。

關鍵字

于闐語 尉遲曜 比丘 僧房舍 阿毗達摩

並列摘要


This paper deals with a Khotanese document written on a wooden tablet which is preserved in the institute for protection of cultural relics in Cira county of Khotan region in Xinjiang. The wooden plate is only the bottom part of a former double tablet of which the cover does not exist anymore. However, the remained part records two deeds of sales of a līnā-a word that originally means 'a rock cave' in Buddhist ambience in ancient India. In ancient Khotan līnā designified rather a dwelling of Buddhist monk than a real rock cave. The deed written on the inner side of bottom tablet reveals that the vendor was a secular man who sold the dwelling to a Buddhist monk for money. The inner deed predates the one on the other side of the tablet which has a date: The sale happened in the 6^(th) year of the Khotanese king Viśa Vāhaṃ (approximately in 772 AD). However, the same dwelling bought by the previous monk was sold to another monk of Abhidharma school for 2000 coins.

參考文獻


段晴 《于闐語無垢淨光大陀羅尼經》(簡稱《無垢經》),上海:中西書局,2019 年。
段晴 《中國國家圖書館藏西域文書——于闐語卷(Xinjiang Manuscripts Preserved in the National Library of China, vol 2, Khotanese Remains)》,上海:中西書局,2015 年。
段晴、侯世新、李達 〈于闐伏闍達時代的兩件契約〉,榮新江、朱玉麒主編,《絲綢之路新探索:考古、文獻與學術史》,南京:鳳凰出版社,2019 年,頁 131-142。
段晴、策勒縣文管所 〈尉遲曜 11 年裴捺賣地案牘〉,《西域文史》第七輯(K-1798.0101),2012 年,頁 123-138。
范晶晶 〈中國人民大學博物館藏一件于闐語文書〉,載於北京大學外國語學院外國語言學及應用語言學研究所編《語言學研究》第 28 輯(北京:高等教育出版社,2020 年),頁 15-20。

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