孕產婦戒菸介入計畫之先驅性評估

吸菸在醫學上已被公認為一種慢性且會成癮的疾病。即便吸菸對孕產婦及嬰幼兒的健康有諸多不良的影響，但目前國內以孕產婦為對象而設計的戒菸教材仍較為缺乏。本研究目的即以應用跨理論模式來研發孕產婦戒菸介入衛教媒體，及探討衛教介入對其行為動機改變之成效。本研究對象共14人，其中包括孕婦10人，幼兒母親4人。採單組前後測設計，研究工具為結構式問卷，由於個案數較少，以無母數分析相關變項。研究結果顯示短期的衛教介入對於個案戒菸之知識、自我效能的改變具有統計顯著意義，但對於行為改變階段及決定權衡的變化不顯著。本研究結果支持以理論為基礎的介入與評量計畫可以敏感的覺察到個案的改變，包含：知識與自我效能，且研究結果支持跨理論模式所假設的改變歷程。建議未來研究可朝向孕產婦吸菸個案的發覺與轉介，合併戒菸與拒菸介入及應用合適理論於介入計劃的發展與未來努力。

關鍵字

跨理論模式；戒菸；懷孕；產後；衛生教育

並列摘要

Smoking has been recognized as a chronic and additive illness rather than just a health risk behavior. The purpose of this study is to emphasize the health hazard of pregnant women and children caused by smoking and explore the utilization of health educational media to promote mothers' smoking cessation. A health educational intervention was developed and evaluated for pregnant and postpartum women based on the Transtheoretical Model (TTM). A total of 14 participants (10 pregnant and 4 postpartum women) received the intervention. We used a single-group pre-post design and structured questionnaire to collect data and non-parameter analyses to data analyze due to limited number of participants. Results indicated that short-term intervention could significantly improve participants' knowledge and self-efficacy, but did not significantly improve participants' stages of change and decisional balance. The study results supported that theory-based intervention would be sensitive to detect the changes in knowledge and self-efficacy of the participants. In addition, the results supported the hypotheses according to TTM. We suggested that the effective identification and referral of pregnant and postpartum smoking women is needed. Further study or program may combine smoking cession and anti-smoking strategies and base on appropriate theory.

並列關鍵字

Transtheoretical Model ； smoking cessation ； pregnancy ； postpartum ； health education

國際替代計量

孕產婦戒菸介入計畫之先驅性評估

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