魏晉時期玄言詩贈答創作意向析論

A Study on the Creation Intention of Metaphysical Poetry in Wei and Jin Dynasties

陳慶元(CHEN, CHING-YUAN)

《中國學術年刊》 43_1期 (2021/03) Pp. 61-83

https://doi.org/10.6238/SIS.202103_(43-1).03

摘要

玄言詩乃魏晉詩歌重要類別之一，其萌芽於正始（240-249），發展於西晉而大盛於東晉。不論於內容與手法上，都有明顯的前後變化。由於玄言詩與玄學的關係密切，學界多由玄學思想角度論析其演變。然現存玄言詩中，贈答類為數不少，其中多為玄理頌贊、勉勵或是彼我思想之探討。魏晉時期贈答風氣盛行，所表現的酬唱交遊、人物品評、理想懷抱乃至文化活動都必然影響玄言詩的創作型態。本文欲從內在思維與外部環境，探究贈答風氣對玄言詩的影響。

關鍵字

玄言詩 ； 贈答詩 ； 魏晉文學 ； 名士 ； 清談

並列摘要

Metaphysical poetry is one of the significant poetry categories in the Wei and Jin Dynasties. It sprouted in Zhengshi Era, developed in Western Jin Dynasty, and flourished in Eastern Jin Dynasty. In terms of both content and technique, there were apparently before-and-after changes. Due to the close relationship between metaphysical poetry and metaphysics, the academic circles mostly analyze its evolution from the standpoint of metaphysics. As for the existing metaphysical poems, however, there are many of them belonging to the exchanging poems, wherein are mostly metaphysical praise, encouragement, or thoughts discussion between each other. In the Wei and Jin Dynasties, the ethos of exchanging poems prevailed, of which the performances of social intercourse with poetry response, personal evaluation, ideal embrace, and even cultural activities inevitably affected the creative style of metaphysical poetry. This article intends to explore the influence of the ethos of exchanging poems on metaphysical poem from the perspectives of inner thoughts and external environment, trying to find the cause of prosperity and transmutation for the metaphysical poetry.

並列關鍵字

Metaphysical Poems ； Exchanging Poems ； Wei-Jin literature ； Celebrity with Literary Reputation ； Impractical Discussion

參考文獻

晉‧陳壽 Chen, Shou《三國志》Records of the Three Kingdoms（臺北 Taipei：樂天出版社Letian Publishing House，1974 年）。

梁‧沈約 Shen, Yue：《宋書》Book of Song（臺北 Taipei：鼎文書局 Ting Wen Co. Ltd.，1975年）。

唐‧房玄齡 Fang, Xuan-Ling 等著：《晉書》Book of Jin（北京 Beijing：中華書局 Zhonghua Book Company，1988 年）。

清‧郭慶藩 Guo, Qing-Fan：《莊子集釋》Collected Explanations of Zhuangzi（臺北 Taipei：貫雅文化事業有限公司 Guanya Cultural Enterprise Co., Ltd.，1991 年）。

清‧嚴可均 Yan, Ke-Jun：《全上古三代秦漢三國六朝文》Complete Collection on Articles of Elder Great Reigns of Three Generations and Qin-Han with Three Kingdoms and Six Dynasties（北京 Beijing：中華書局 Zhonghua Book Company，1995 年）。