聲學處理對華語單純語音異常及聽力障礙兒童的治療成效

本文目的為探討經過聲學處理的聽知覺介入，對於華語單純語音異常及聽力障礙兒童的治療成效。文獻搜尋透過臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統、華藝線上圖書館以及PubMed進行，文獻納入應用PRISMA檢索流程，經排除後共納入8篇文獻，研究對象包括功能性語音異常和聽力障礙兒童，年齡涵蓋學齡前兒童到高中學生。文獻針對兒童的聽知覺缺陷或語音錯誤進行聲學處理，包括子音、母音、聲調以及整體語音的頻帶範圍，並應用於聽知覺介入、構音訓練當中。結果顯示，研究初步呈現出聲學處理對於治療的有效性，但在廣東話的聲調研究中成效並不明顯。而在沒有納入構音訓練的情況下，聽知覺介入能夠顯著提升兒童的構音能力。此外，相比沒有進行聲學處理，應用聲學處理的介入具有初步成效優勢，包括聽知覺表現、未治療音和語境類化以及訓練單音節階層所需要的課堂數，然而，雖然數值上能夠顯示兩組間的進步幅度差距，但有研究未達到統計上顯著，也有研究缺乏此部分的討論，另外，研究間相似向度的聲學調整方法也有所不同。總結來說，透過聲學處理增加對比語音之間的特徵差異，並將其運用於聽知覺和構音訓練當中，是具可行性的，然而，有關其一致性和有效性的支持，則需要後續更多華語研究進行討論。

關鍵字

語音異常；聽力損失；聲學處理；言語知覺；言語產出

並列摘要

This review article aims to investigate the treatment effects of acoustic processing in Mandarin or Cantonese-speaking children with functional speech sound disorders and hearing impairment. Studies were accumulated in the following databases: NDLTD in Taiwan, Airiti Library, and Pubmed. Eight studies were identified after screening process (PRISMA). Participants were preschool children to high school students. On the basis of children's perceptual difficulties or speech errors, consonants, vowels, tones, and frequency bands were manipulated, which would be utilized in the treatment sessions. Studies primarily showed that acoustic processing had positive treatment effects on both functional speech sound disorder and hearing impairment children. Besides, children receiving only perceptual training with acoustic processing had significant improvement in articulation post-test; moreover, compared to control group, group with acoustic processing approach had greater enhancements which include perception, generalizations of linguistic units and phonemes, and sessions for single-words training required. However, results of statistical significance were either inconsistent or absent in the studies. Besides, manipulations of acoustic cues and the extent of adjustments were different between researches. In conclusion, studies have demonstrated the availability of utilizing acoustically processed speech in perceptual or articulatory training. However, further research for supporting its validity and reliability is needed.

並列關鍵字

Speech sound disorders ； Hearing impairment ； Acoustic processing ； Speech perception ； Speech production

參考文獻

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