我國飛航管制人員的工作分析研究

Job Analysis of Air Traffic Controllers in ROC

李苡星(Yi-Hsing Li)

《中華民國航空醫學暨科學期刊》 33卷1&2期 (2019/12) Pp. 13-26

https://doi.org/10.7011/JAMSROC.201912_33(1_2).0002

摘要

本研究之主要目的在於找出我國飛航管制工作的核心能力。共有199位現職、具工作經驗的飛航管制人員受邀擔任主題內容專家，透過一套結構化、涵蓋84項能力的工作分析量表，對當代管制工作所需之不同能力進行評定。分析結果顯示，共有23項能力和我國飛航管制工作有高度的關聯性，且這些能力主要在認知、社會人際與感覺／知覺領域。心理動作與身體功能領域的能力則和當代飛航管制工作的關聯較低。在這84項能力中，與飛航管制工作最具關聯的能力是時間共享／多工作業與抗壓性等兩種能力。另本研究發現，相較塔臺管制工作，雷達管制工作對於人員在手部動作控制之精準度與手眼協調的要求較高，而塔臺管制工作則對視覺相關能力的要求高於雷達管制工作。本研究最後根據工作分析的結果進行討論，並提出我國飛航管制人員在人事甄選及心理衡鑑實務中的意涵與建議。

關鍵字

飛航管制人員 ； 性向測驗 ； 工作分析 ； 能力要求 ； 人事甄選

並列摘要

The purpose of the present study is to identify the core abilities required for the job of air traffic controllers (ATCs) in Republic of China (ROC). One hundred and ninety-nine experienced ATCs were invited to serve as subject matter experts (SMEs). All the SMEs completed the Fleishman Job Analysis Survey and 11 additional scales constructed by German Aerospace Centre (DLR). A total of 84 abilities were rated by the SMEs on a scale of 1-7 in terms of relevance for the job. The results showed that 5 abilities in cognitive domain, 15 abilities in social-interpersonal domain, as well as 3 abilities in sensory and perceptual domains are critical for the current ATC job in ROC. Abilities in physical and psychomotor domains become less demanded. Among the 84 abilities, time-sharing and stress resistance were rated as the most relevant abilities for the ATCs in ROC. In terms of differences in ability requirements between different control positions, psychomotor abilities particularly eye-hand coordination and precise control of hand movement were found to be more important for radar controllers, while visuoperceptual abilities were demanded heavier for the tower controllers. The implications for ATC selection and psychological assessment were then discussed.

並列關鍵字

Air Traffic Controllers ； Aptitude Test ； Job Analysis ； Ability Requirements ； Personnel Selection