優秀柔道選手比賽表現型態分析：以110年度國手選拔賽為例

The Analysis of the Pattern of Game Performance of Elite Judo Athletes: The Case of the Tournament of National Players Selection 2021

莊琇茹(Hsiu-Ju Chuang) ； 林徐琬筑(Wan-Chu Lin Hsu) ； 陳秀惠(Hsiu-Hui Chen)

《運動教練科學》 67期 (2022/09) Pp. 27-39

https://doi.org/10.6194/SCS.202209_(67).0003

摘要

目的：本研究的目的在瞭解我國優秀柔道選手的比賽表現特徵，特別是勝負方在技戰術型態上的差別。方法：以110年度國手選拔挑戰賽15場比賽中，30人次的比賽過程進行標記，再以馬可夫模式進行分析，比較勝負方在比賽階段與各階段中動作出現機率的差別。結果：整體而言，選手於比賽過程中除了依序出現接近、試探、搶手、施術與結果等階段外，在階段轉換上有反覆或跳階段的情形，特別是在搶手前後的階段。此外，負方在第一個搶手就轉換到施術階段的機率大於勝方，而且雙方在各階段的動作出現機率亦有所不同。結論：柔道比賽過程中選手的技戰術型態可利用量化標記搭配馬可夫模式來加以描述與檢視。在比賽中，優勝者出現比較多的試探，善用優勢的搶手控制與多樣的施術攻擊組合。本研究結果可以提供訓練上之參考，以及做為將來探討柔道選手比賽的技戰術特徵之應用方法。

關鍵字

比賽表現分析 ； 技戰術 ； 馬可夫模式

並列摘要

Purpose: The present study aimed to understand the characteristics of the game performance of elite judo athletes of Taiwan, particularly for the difference in the pattern of technical-tactical between winners and losers. Methods: The process of 30 athletes in 15 games of the tournament of national player selection of 2020 was collected and notated. The Markov model was applied to calculate the probability of transition and emission of phases. Comparisons on probability between athletes and movements in phases then were then implemented. Results: In general, the athletes revealed the phases of approach, attempt, gripping, and attack. However, the reverse and skip phases were observed around the gripping phase. In addition, the losers had a higher chance to transfer from the first gripping to attack. Moreover, differences were found between athletes in movements of phases. Conclusion: The technical-tactical pattern in the competition of elite judo athletes could be described and examined via the quantitative notation and the Markov model. The winners showed more attempts, the advantage in gripping control, and various combinations of attacks. The results of this study provided information for judo training and the method for investigating the characteristics of the game performance of judo athletes.

並列關鍵字

game performance analysis ； technical-tactical ； Markov model

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