探索老年人的休閒經驗－社會網絡取向的質性研究

To Explore the Leisure Experiences of the Older Adults: A Qualitative Research of Social Network Approach

張俊一(Chun-Yi Chang) ； 邱金松(Jin-Song Chiou)

《2007年台灣銀髮族休閒運動與健康產業發展學術研討會論文集》 2007年 (2007/11) Pp. 50-68

https://doi.org/10.29435/2007YINFA.200711.0050

摘要

在全球性人口老化的趨勢之下，過去20多年來，幫助於老年人有效達到「成功老化」成為老年學研究的焦點。大部分此類型研究是集中在以量化的資料檢驗老年人參與身體活動或休閒的結果。基於此，實有需要以質性方法探索老年人深層休閒經驗，以補足對這類議題的完整瞭解。另外，社會網絡分析已被視為是探索社會行動者之間關係及互動的重要技術，本研究將社會網絡分析的概念來探索老年人的休閒互動，深度訪談和田野觀察方法用以蒐集27位65歲以上老年人的一般社會網絡與社會支持、一般社會網絡成員對休閒參與的影響、運動休閒社會網絡與社會支持、運動休閒互動關係在日常生活的延伸，以及社經背景資料。研究結果發現：1.老年人一般社會網絡的主要成員為配偶、子女、孫子女、媳婦、鄰居及老同事；2.一般社會網絡的成員的確為老年人提供了許多種類的休閒參與協助；3.一般社會網絡的部分成員與運動休閒社會網絡成員是重疊的；4.除了在休閒活動中的互動，老年人同時也提到他們和休閒團體中的成員在日常生活中有高度和多元性的其他互動。

關鍵字

老年人 ； 社會網絡 ； 社會支持 ； 運動休閒

並列摘要

Under the worldwide aging trend, the way to successful aging for the older adults has been a focus of the gerontology studies in past two decades. Most of these studies used quantitative method to examine the consequences of the participants for physical activities or leisure. Thus, there is a need to use qualitative method to explore the deep leisure experiences among the older adults. Besides, social network analysis has been an important technique for exploring the relationship and interaction between the social actors. In this study, social network analysis conception was applied to explore the older adults' leisure interaction. Deep interviews and field observations were conducted with 27 older adults ages 65 years or more. The interview gathered information on the respondents' (a) general social network and social support, (b) the influence of general social network members on leisure participants, (c) recreational sport social network and social support, (d) the extent to daily life based on the interactions within the recreation sports social network, and (e) demographic background. The findings of this studies were (a) spouses, sons and daughters, daughter-in-law, grandchildren, neighbors, and old compatriots were the central members of the older adults' general social network, also the major social support providers, (b) members of the older adults' general social network also provided many kinds of assistance for leisure participants, (c) some members of the older adults' general social network coincide with those of recreational sport social network, and (d) except for the interactions in leisure activities, highly and multiply interactions in other occasions were reported by these respondents.

並列關鍵字

older adult ； social network ； social support ； recreational sport