本研究首先檢視現有的指標與綜合指數相關文獻,定義「指標」與「綜合指數」的名詞概念。其次分別從橫切面與縱貫面探討如何合理地進行指標與綜合指數的建構及評比,並以研究成果說明無論是橫切面或縱貫面的比較,研究者與使用者都不應忽略存在於「比較」此一行為背後的核心概念:第一是比較的目的,第二是比較方法與過程的合理性和公平性,第三是比較的結果是否確切反映事實情狀,最後是此結果將造成的後續發展及效應。論文以指標與綜合指數的建構及評比方法為研究主體,方法上以橫切面比較及縱貫面比較作為區分,應用標準化方法於一些目前實際運作的指標與綜合指數評比案例作為實際演練,希冀因此能凸顯謹慎處理資料的重要性。在建構出指標或綜合指數體系後,應實際驗證此系統的評鑑功能及其運作情形,包括評鑑的過程和結果的合理性,形成一種持續發展和反饋的過程。
It first reviews current literatures regarding indicators and composite index, and addresses definition for “indicator” and “composite index.” Then, via cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis, this research examines the rationality of the construction and comparison of “indicator” and “composite index”, and applies certain forms of standardization to composite index comparison cases. This reveals the emphasis on the importance of dealing with data sophisticatedly, and provides guidelines for researchers working with comparison function and operation process of indicator or composite index. Finally, this research suggests developing a feedback-orientated circulatory system for the construction of indicators. It proposes that researchers and data users pay attention to the principles underlying in “comparison,” that is: the purpose of comparison; sensibility and equality of the comparison methodology and process; the degree of accuracy the result is, with regard to actual condition; and the effects the result shall cause.