鋼結構材料買賣契約條款適宜性之探討

Research on Suitability of Steel-Structure Material Procurement Contract Terms

賴浩偉(Hao-Wei Lai)

指導教授 ： 曾惠斌

國立臺灣大學/工學院/土木工程學研究所/碩士(2013年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2013.10676

摘要

鋼結構材料契約是為了因應降低印花稅而產生的契約類型，有別於一般材料買賣契約。現行的鋼結構材料契約與工程承攬契約條款高度相似，是由鋼結構工程承攬契約修改而成；不論是契約的架構、約定事項、規範、罰則等等，差異不大。目前也有業主在設計鋼結構材料契約條款時，讓材料買賣契約與工程承攬契約有不同的條款，讓鋼結構材料契約趨於完善。
國內對於工程承攬契約的研究論文以及學術報告很多，從各個角度探討工程契約或法律適用的合理性，其中很多的篇幅在探討公共工程契約的合理性。 由於工程承攬契約包含許多工程項目，單獨鋼結構工程承攬契約的論文較少；相對的，鋼結構材料買賣契約合理性的討論較少。面對鋼結構材料契約與工程承攬契約分離的業主、監造或廠商，對於各種條款的合理性缺乏參考的依據與標準。
本研究蒐集鋼結構公司所簽訂的十五份已經執行完畢的鋼結構材料契約條款，在契約簽訂前、與執行中曾經產生爭議的條款摘錄並彙整後歸納出四十個鋼結構材料契約曾經產生的爭議內容。透過比對民法、公共工程的契約範本並參照FIDIC相關的條款，並透過問卷讓相關的從業人員表達對於爭議條款的看法。最後對於四十個鋼結構爭議條款提出解決的建議。希望藉此讓鋼結構材料契約的爭議內容能有參考的方向，以提供將來契約的簽訂與執行單位參考。
經本研究分析後，可以將爭議條款依照工程承攬契約的分類方式予以歸類，四十個爭議內容可以歸納為十類。在四十個爭議條款當中有26個是受問者很明顯有共同看法的，佔全部的65%。這些條款經過更清楚的描述後，可以讓業主及廠商有很高的接受度。其餘14個沒有明顯共同看法的條款則藉由參考契約範本跟民法的規定所提出的建議，讓雙方可能的爭議降到最低。

關鍵字

鋼結構 ； 契約爭議 ； 契約範本

並列摘要

A steel-structure material procurement contract is a special type of contract developed to alleviate stamp duty. It differs from general procurement contracts. Developed by modifying from steel-structure construction contracts, terms of current steel-structure material procurement contracts are very similar to those of construction contracts, in structure, scope, specifications, and penalty rules. Today, some steel-structure material procurement contracts are developed independently from their construction counterparts, allowing the incorporation of terms that address their own needs.
Among the abundance of domestic theses and academic reports on construction contracts that research on legality or rationality from various angles, many address the rationality of public construction contracts. However, discussions on the rationality of steel-structure material procurement contracts are rare due to fewer of theses and reports on standalone steel-structure construction contracts resulting from the fact that most construction contracts encompass many areas. Thus, project owners, managers, and contractors often face the dilemma of lack of standards or references related to the rationality of terms when dealing with standalone steel-structure material procurement contracts.
This research collects, from fifteen completed steel-structure constructions that adopt standalone steel-structure material procurement contracts, disputed terms during contract drafting or implementation and summarizes them into forty subject matters. To provide directions and references to the development of future steel-structure material acquisition contracts, we propose resolutions to these disputed subject matters based on comparison with relevant civil laws and public construction contract samples, referencing FIDIC terms, and questionnaire responses from relevant personnel.
The research classifies these forty disputed subject matters into ten categories according to the contract type. 27 (67.5%) of them received unanimous views from all questionnaires participants. When modified based on feedback from the questionnaire, they should experience high degree of acceptance by both owners and suppliers. Proposed solutions to those 13 receiving different views from questionnaire feedback are based on references to contract samples and civil laws, allowing potential disputes to be minimized.

並列關鍵字

steel structure ； contract dispute ； contract sample

參考文獻

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