整合DSSCs與熱電產生器構成新型態 光熱電模組之研究

A Novel Photo-Thermoelectric Generator Integrating DSSCs with Thermoelectric Modules

余智融(Chih-Jung Yu)

指導教授 ： 張合

國立臺北科技大學/機電學院/機電整合研究所/碩士(2010年)

摘要

本研究自行設計一新型光熱電發電模組，使用本實驗室先前學長製備之染料敏化太陽能電池，並結合奈米銅熱傳薄膜披覆於熱電產生器冷熱兩端，達到由外部吸收光能發電之虞也利用廢熱回收再發電，再於散熱端製備一填充奈米氧化銅流體的閉迴路型脈動式熱管來增進散熱效果提高整體發電效率，其中本文著重於提高熱電模組之效能應用。熱電轉換模組部分，首先採用商用奈米銅粉末，使用刮刀成膜法製備出奈米銅熱傳薄膜，當作兩系統的熱導媒介並披覆於熱電產生器上，來提升熱通量與能量輸出。接著利用真空潛弧製造系統製備奈米氧化銅工作流體，填入閉迴路型脈動式熱管應用於散熱端，利用氣液相變化增進散熱效果。光電轉換模組部分使用本實驗室先前學長所製備多層奈米二氧化鈦薄膜之染料敏化太陽能電池，結合兩系統組成光熱電模組。檢測部分首先針對熱電模組利用I-V量測系統與加熱平台進行逐一改良方式來探討其輸出效果，並利用一蓄電迴路系統與鎳氫電池，測試模組蓄電時間。最後再搭配溫度量測器，以模擬光源與實際光照方式來分析量測模組效能輸出與轉換效率。實驗結果熱電模組當熱源達到90 ℃ 時，可提升85.7%之功率輸出，光熱電模組模擬光照時TEG冷熱端溫差約達7oC，熱電轉換效率為2.17%，並共可產生11.32mW/cm2之功率輸出，比起單純使用太陽能電池提升約1.4%。

關鍵字

熱電產生器 ； 廢熱 ； 熱傳薄膜 ； 染料敏化太陽能電池 ； 奈米流體 ； 脈動式熱管

並列摘要

This study self-develops a novel type of photoelectric conversion modules, adopting pre-prepared dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) and combing with nano-Cu thermoelectric thin film to cover on the sides of the thermoelectric generator (TEG) to absorb outside light to generate electricity and use recycled waste heat to re-generate electricity. And then, the close-loop pulsating heat pipe of filling nano-CuO fluid is prepared on the cooling-side to increase cooling effects and enhance whole power generation efficiency. Thus, this study focuses on the application of elevating efficiency of the thermoelectric modules. For the preparation of the thermoelectric modules, commercial nano-Cu powder is firstly used and the doctor blade is adopted to fabricate nano-Cu heat-transfer film, serving as the media of thermal conductivity and coated on the TEG to promote the output of heat flux and energy. Secondly, submerged arc nanoparticle synthesis system (SNASS) is used to fabricate the nano-CuO fluid and the filling close-loop pulsating heat pipe is applied to the cold side to employ the variation of gas and liquid to increase cooling effects. For the fabrication of photoelectric conversion modules, this study adopts DSSCs with multi-layer TiO2 nano-film to combine with two systems to assemble the photo-thermoelectric modules. For the test of photo-thermoelectric modules, I-V measuring system and heating platform are used to deal with the output effects and electrical storage loop system and nickel-metal hydride batteries are used to test electrical storage time of photo-thermoelectric modules. Finally, the temperature measurement device is employed to analyze the performance output and conversion efficiency of photo-thermoelectric modules by simulated light and practical light. Results shows when the heat source of photo-thermoelectric modules attains 90 ℃, 85.7% power output can be elevated. The temperature difference of cold and hot sides of TEG can reach 7oC shone by simulated light of photo-thermoelectric modules and thermoelectric conversion efficiency can achieve 2.17% and produce 11.32mW/cm2 power output, enhancing 1.4% compared to singly adopting DSSCs.

並列關鍵字

thermoelectric generator ； waste heat ； thermoelectric thin film ； dye-sensitized solar cells ； nano fluid ； pulsating heat pipe

參考文獻

[37] 賴威志，介電薄膜熱傳導係數的量測與探討，碩士論文，國立清華大學微機電系統工程研究所，新竹，2007。

[91] 林詩傑，改良式真空潛弧製程製備奈米二氧化鈦懸浮液之性質研究，碩士論文，國立台北科技大學機電整合研究所，台北，2006

[94] 德芮克國際股份有限公司www.trekintal.com.tw

[1] D. Mills, “Advances in solar thermal electricity technology,” solar energy, vol. 76, no . 1-3, 2004, pp. 19-31.

[3] D.M. Rowe , G. Min, “Evaluation of thermoelectric modules for power generation,” Journal of Power Sources, vol. 73, no. 2, 1998, pp. 193-198.