某食品製造業工作壓力及相關因素探討

Occupational stress and related factors in a food manufacturing factory

嚴玉庭(Yu-ting Yen)

指導教授 ： 莊昭華

長榮大學/健康科學學院/護理學系(所)/碩士(2016年)

摘要

目的：本研究目的為食品製造業進行工作壓力探討。
方法：為橫斷式研究設計。於104年12月以台南某食品製造業編制內3個月以上台籍正式員工為研究對象，以結構式匿名自填式問卷收集資料。回收資料除錯後，以SPSS 17.0 for Windows統計軟體進行資料分析。
結果：本研究共邀請230位員工參加， 202人同意加入研究並填答問卷，有效問卷188份(完整率93.1%)。主要研究對象為31~40歲(44.7%)女性(56.7%)具大學學歷(61.2%)。54.3%員工已婚，77.1%薪資為2萬零1元~4萬元。超過6成為現場技術員(61.2%)，9成員工上固定班(92%)，工作總年資10年以上佔47.4%。50.5% 勞工表示近半年的加班情形為普通/偶爾。測量工作壓力的工作特質分數經標準化後，工作控制、工作心理負荷、職場正義、主管社會支持和同事社會支持，依次為52.0、57.9、54.6、58.7和 64.9分。61.7% 認為工作是很耗體力。18.1%為高壓力工作型態。研究對象基本資料和職業現況對測量工作壓力的工作特質面向各有影響。勞工近半年加班情形和工作特質的6個面向皆有相關，除了在工作體力負荷面向未達顯著差異，其餘皆達統計上顯著差異。
結論：食品製造業勞工其工作心理負荷和工作體力負荷仍普遍存在，未來應依據不同特質進行職場健康介入進行計畫調整，以營造對勞工友善的職場環境。

關鍵字

食品製造業 ； 工作壓力

並列摘要

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to explore occupational stress and related factors in a food manufacturing factory.
Methods: This is a cross-sectional study design. Subjects were the Taiwanese workers who had been employed for more than 3 months in a food manufacturing factory located in Tainan city during December 2015. An anonymous self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. SPSS 17.0 was applied to analyze data in this study.
Results: A total of 230 workers were invited to participate in our study, and 202 workers agreed to join the study. In total, 188 subjects completed the questionnaire (completed rate was 93.1%). Most of the subjects were female (56.7%), aged 31~40 (44.7%), with a university degree (61.2%). 54.3% workers married, and 77.1% workers whose salary was 20001 to 40000 NTS per month. 61.2% workers were technicians, 92% work on a fixed shift, and 47.4% had more than 10 years work experience. 50.5% subjects worked overtime as an ordinary / occasional in current half year. The scores of job control, mental workload, workplace justice, social and colleagues support were 52.0, 57.9, 54.6, 58.7, and 64.9, respectively. 61.7% subjects thought their work was high physical demand. 18.1% workers perceived high strain jobs. The characteristics and working status of subjects related to different domains in occupational stress. Long working hours was a significant factor on six domains, except the physical demand.
Conclusions: The mental workload and physical demand exist commonly in the food manufacturing factory. The health promotion programs should be modified with different characteristics of workers to create a friendly occupational environment in future.

並列關鍵字

Occupational stress ； food manufacturing factory

參考文獻

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