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  • 學位論文

應用Sentinel-1A影像與SBAS方法監測屏東沿海地區地層下陷

Detecting land subsidence in coastal Pingtung using Sentinel-1A SAR and SBAS

指導教授 : 黃金維

摘要


屏東縣林邊鄉、佳冬鄉、枋寮鄉的沿海地區,是目前台灣嚴重地層下陷的區域之一,其主要原因為養殖漁業業者過量抽取地下水所致,而快速、精確的監測屏東沿海地區的下陷範圍與沉陷速率為目前重要的民生議題。Sentinel-1A衛星影像,具有短再訪週期(12天)、高空間解析度、大範圍監測的特性,因此,本研究透過2018年7月至2020年3月之Sentinel-1A衛星影像,與雷達干涉時序分析方法(Multi-temporal SAR Interferometry, MT-InSAR)中的短基線集方法(Small Baseline Subset, SBAS)監測屏東沿海地區的地層下陷。結合屏東地區GNSS站之東西 (E)、南北 (N)方向觀測量與InSAR觀測量,可以將InSAR觀測量由LOS (Line-of-sight)方向轉換至垂直方向。研究成果顯示屏東沿海地區最大下陷速率為47.3 mm/year。而InSAR位移量與GNSS垂直觀測量時間序列做比較時,在DLIO之相關係數為0.952、RMSE為7.0 mm;在FALI之相關係數為0.700、RMSE為11.4 mm;在CLON之相關係數為0.800、RMSE為19.7 mm,並且觀察到InSAR位移量具有季節性變化,藉由比對雨量資料與地下水位資料後,發現InSAR位移量的季節性變化與地下水位有關,本研究解釋了降雨、地下水位、地表形變三者的關係。另外,研究中的最大下陷速率點位於養殖魚塭地區,透過分析其位移量的時間序列,亦可觀察到位移量隨地下水位的變化,推測位移量差異由過度抽水引起。

並列摘要


Linbian, Jiadong, and Fanliao are townships in Pingtung County suffering severe land subsidence caused by groundwater withdrawal for aquaculture. Rapid and precise detection of the subsidence area and rate is important for land subsidence mitigation here. This study uses Sentinel-1A SAR images from July, 2018 to March, 2020 and the technique of Small Baseline Subset(SBAS) to detect land subsidence in these townships. The line-of-sight velocities from Sentinel-1A are converted to vertical velocities using the west-east (E) and north-south (N) velocities from GNSS observations. The maximum subsidence rate from Sentinel-1A in the coastal area of Pingtung is 47.3 mm/year. The correlation coefficient at station DLIO between the time series of vertical displacements from InSAR and GNSS is 0.952 and the root-mean-squared error (RMSE) is 7.0 mm (regarding the GNSS displacements as true values). The corresponding correlation coefficients and RMSEs at FALI and CLON are 0.700 and 11.4 mm (FALI), and 0.800 and 19.7 mm (CLON). The InSAR result shows seasonal variations in the displacements, which are correlated with rainfall and groundwater level data. This study explains the relationships between rainfall, groundwater level, and surface deformation. The point with the maximum subsidence rate in the study is located in a fish farm. The displacements at this point vary with groundwater levels and it is speculated that the displacements are caused by excessive groundwater withdrawals.

並列關鍵字

land subsidence aquaculture InSAR SBAS Sentinel-1A

參考文獻


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