綠屋頂對於建築物節能之模擬研究-以台灣建築物為例

The effect of eco-roof in reducing energy consumption: case study of building in Taiwan

吳怡柔(Irma Wahyuni)

指導教授 ： 黃榮堯

國立中央大學/工學院/營建管理研究所/碩士(2014年)

摘要

由於台灣城市快速發展，不透水之鋪面與高大建築群，已取代原有之森林與農田，自然環境已遭受破壞。因此，在不變的發展狀態下，提出改善整體環境之對策，應受到各方之重視。回顧文獻與案例可發現，綠屋頂係為設置在建築屋頂常見的綠色工法之一，透過鋪設土壤與多元之植栽環境將可創造可觀之生態效益和經濟效益，如減輕城市熱島效應、控制雨水逕流、減少噪音反射和傳遞、降低室內溫度加熱和冷卻之能源成本，並維持當地物種之棲地環境，一舉改善整體環境及建築物受熱問題。
本研究主要目的，係分析既有建築進行不同程度之綠屋頂改造後，其能源消耗對建築物長期之影響。本研究利用一11層之住宅與一5層樓之公共建築物進行模擬，並以不同綠屋頂之類型、土壤厚度、植栽種類作為變化參數。分析模擬結果可發現，不同土壤厚度並不影響建築物能源之消耗，反而間接影響了植栽種類之選擇。換句話說，大型植栽需要厚度較厚之土層；而集中設置的薄土層，可比分散之土層或原屋頂提供更佳的隔絕效果；植栽種類之選擇與綠屋頂之覆蓋率是降低建築物能源消耗之關鍵。本研究所模擬的之公共建築物成果顯示，綠屋頂之設置將可減少24~36%之能源消耗；而住宅則可減少6~11%的能源消耗。

關鍵字

綠屋頂 ； 能源消耗

並列摘要

Eco-roof is green construction structure consisting of medium soil and plants on top of a building. This research is motivated by the fact that forests and agricultural lands are replaced with impervious surfaces due to urban development in Taiwan, the countermeasures of the green-act should be done soon in order to preserve the health of the environment. Eco-roof technology is one of the appropriate response to cope with this issue. Establishing plant material on rooftops provide numerous ecological and economic benefits including mitigate urban heat island effect, control storm water run-off, reduce sound reflection and transmission, and lower heating and cooling costs, as well as sustain local wildlife. The main objective of this research is to model the influence of eco-roof retrofitting in term of annual energy reduction for a whole building in Taiwan through case study. The method use in this thesis involve whole building simulation model for residential and institutional building. Different type of eco-roof, soil thickness and distinct section assignment of the plant on the roof are parameters used for this research. Results show that different thickness do not directly affect annual energy consumption in the building but more likely has an indirect effect to energy reduction in relation to plants’ selection, in the other word, the larger types of plants the ticker soil need to be applied. Intensive type with the thinner soil layer gives better insulation compare to extensive and even for bare roof. Plants selection and eco-roof coverage design are the biggest factors to lower energy consumption, in this study cases for 5-storey institutional building could reduce energy as much as 24-36% and for 11-storey residential building decrease energy demand around 6-11%.

並列關鍵字

eco-roof ； energy consumption ； whole building simulation

參考文獻

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