受酚污染土壤及地下水復育技術之研究

Study of the Remediation on Phenol Contaminated Soil and Groundwater

杜依凌(Du Yiling)

指導教授 ： 薩支高

國立屏東科技大學/工學院/環境工程與科學系所/碩士(2012年)

https://doi.org/10.6346/NPUST.2012.00170

摘要

酚類化合物為有機化學工業的基本原料，廣泛的應用於染料、合成樹脂、塑膠、合成纖維及農藥製造過程。在工廠排放廢水中較常出現，對於水中生態環境會造成相當大的危害。
　　本研究是利用生物處理受酚污染土壤，比較於供試土壤（紅壤土:砂=1:1）和砂兩種不同環境介質，在添加不同濃度的濃縮糖蜜發酵液肥（Condensed Molasses Fermentation Solubles，CMS）、台肥特4號複合肥料（複合肥料）以及污泥之酚降解效率。受酚污染水的部分則以化學方式處理，分別為強制曝氣、添加過氧化氫和臭氧等三種方式。以氣相層析儀（Gas chromatograph，GC）搭載火焰離子偵測器（Flame ionization detector，FID）進行分析。
　　研究結果顯示，於自然降解實驗中，經滅菌供試土壤和砂，酚的降解效率相較於未滅菌的土壤來得低。在隔絕土壤與大氣接觸條件下，需要花費更長的時間降解酚。添加5 wt%的複合肥料於土壤有助微生物降解酚，於14天試驗，酚將解率為69.73%。污泥試驗中，結果顯示在短時間內添加污泥對酚較無顯著的降解趨勢。
　　受酚污染水的部分，發現曝氣量增加至3 L/min，經過9天試驗後，酚污染水降解率上升至91.79%，顯示強制曝氣能增加酚降解效率。添加0.03%的過氧化氫至900 mg/L的酚污染水，經過30分鐘後，降解率為10.50%。使用臭氧（濃度1.5 mg/L）處理酚濃度45 mg/L和180 mg/L的污染水，經過120分鐘，降解率分別為43.74%和19.38%，顯示降解率隨著酚濃度的增加而下降。

關鍵字

酚 ； 土壤 ； 地下水 ； 復育技術

並列摘要

Phenols are materials of many industrial manufacturing processes, such as drugs, herbicides, and synthetic resins production. Phenols frequently appear as pollutants in wastewater and are toxic to aquatic life.
This study is firstly focus on bio-treatment and naturally decay in phenol spiked soils and sands, by adding condensed molasses fermentation soluble (CMS), industrial sludge and complex chemical fertilizer respectively. Air sparging, hydrogen peroxide and ozone addition are used examine the phenol decay rate in phenol spiked water solutions separately. Samples were analysis by using gas chromatograph equipped with a flame ionization detector (GC-FID).
The results indicated that natural decay of phenol in sterilized soils and sands are lower than in the unsterilized ones. In anaerobic soils and sands condition, phenol decay need a longer time. 5 wt% of complex chemical fertilizer addition may help the phenol biodegradation. 69.73% phenol was removed after 14 days. In such a short time, sludge addition showed no contribution on phenol degradation.
Up to 91.79% of the phenol in water solution can be removed under 3 L/min air sparging after 9 days. Air sparging is efficient in this case. Addition of 0.03% hydrogen peroxide into 900 mg/L phenol solution may remove 10.50% of phenol after 30 minutes. Pumping 3 g/min ozone into 45 mg/L and 180 mg/L phenol may remove 43.74% and 19.38% of phenol after 120 minutes. This results show that increasing of phenol concentration make ozone insufficiently on phenol degradation.

並列關鍵字

Phenol ； Soil ； Groundwater ； Remediation

參考文獻

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