酚和甲醛分解菌之篩選及其在樹脂廢水處理應用上之評估

Isolation of Phenol and Formaldehyde Degrading Microorganisms and Their Application on the Treatment of Resin Wastewater

吳明穎(Ming-Ying Wu) ； 陳瑞祥(Ruey-Shyang Chen) ； 蔡竹固(Jwu-Guh Tsay)

《環境保護》 28卷1期 (2005/06) Pp. 53-69

https://doi.org/10.30017/EP.200506.0005

摘要

酚和甲醛皆為有毒物質且常同時出現在樹脂工廠廢水中，本實驗的目的在於篩選出能分解酚並且能忍受或同時能分解甲醛的微生物，期能應用於樹脂製程廢水或其他含酚和甲醛的廢水處理上。從樹脂工廠採集之污泥樣品中以酚(600 mg/l)液體培養基篩選出同時可以分解酚和甲醛的三個菌株（編號為P1、P2和P3），以16S rDNA基因序列進行比對，發現P1菌株的序列與Acidovorax delafieldii有99%一致性；P2菌株的序列與Bradyrhizobium japonicum有99%一致性；P3菌株則與Ralstonia pickettii 有99%一致性。以廣效型引子對pheUf/pheUr，可自P1及P3菌株增幅出largest subunit of multicomponent phenol hydroxylases (LmPHs)基因的產物，無法自P2菌株增幅出產物；僅P2菌株經引子對phe1f/phe1r增幅後具有phenol 2-monooxygenase基因的產物。在有氧條件下，以批次實驗方式來評估三菌株分解酚和甲醛的能力。三菌株在酚濃度800mg/l以下時，具有較佳的分解效率；在酚濃度400mg/l時，P1菌株之分解能力最強，P3菌株次之，P2菌株較差。25-35℃及pH 5-9範圍內，三菌株在pH 8、32.5℃時降解速率最快；當微生物接種源量由7×107 cfu/ml 增加至108 cfu/ml時，P2菌和P3菌的平均降解速率分別提升66.7和54.9%，而P1菌只提升1.1%。此外，三菌株皆能以甲醛當作生長碳源並加以分解。在合成廢水及實際廢水的實驗中，三菌株對於酚的分解率可達96-99%。在合成廢水中，COD的去除率可達90%以上，但在接種後48小時，於實際廢水中的COD去除率只有8.2-19.6%。

關鍵字

酚 ； 甲醛 ； 微生物 ； 廢水 ； 生物復育

並列摘要

The main objectives of this study were to isolate phenol and formaldehyde degrading microorganisms from resin manufacturing plant wastewater, and to test their degrading abilities for the treatment of resin wastewater. Three strains (designated as P1, P2 and P3) were obtained and characterized by highly effective removal of phenol and formaldehyde. After sequencing 16S rDNA of these strains, it was found that strain P1 was closely related to Acidovorax delafield ii (99% of identity), strain P2 was closely related to Bradyrhizobium japonicum (99% of identity) and strain P3 which was closely related to Ralstonia pickettii (99% of identity). In addition, an universal primer pair pheUf /pheUr was able to amplify the largest subunit of multicomponent phenol hydroxylases (LmPHs) gene from strains P1 and P3, but not from strain P2. Strain P2 was found to posses another phenol hydroxylases (phenol 2-monooxygenase) by the amplification with primer pair phe1f/phe1r. In phenol biodegradation experiments, high efficiency of the phenol degradation was found when the initial concentration of the phenol was lower than 800 mg/l. In formaldehyde biodegradation experiment, 3 strains were capable of growing on formaldehyde as the sole carbon and degraded formaldehyde completely. These results showed that these strains had the potency for the treatment of wastewater containing both phenol and formaldehyde. When 3 strains were applied to treat synthetic and real wastewater, all strains were observed to degrade 96 to 99% of phenol in 48 hrs. In synthetic wastewater, 90% COD reduction was observed, and 8.2-19.6% of COD was removed from real wastewater 48 hrs after inoculation.

並列關鍵字

Phenol ； Formaldehyde ； Microorganism ； Wastewater ； Bioremediation