底泥萃取腐植質特性與結合雌激性化合物探討

Characterization of Dissolved Organic Matters Extracted from Sediments and Estrogenic Compounds Sorption Behavior

蘇彥瑋(Yen-Wei Su)

指導教授 ： 陳庭堅

國立屏東科技大學/工學院/環境工程與科學系所/碩士(2012年)

https://doi.org/10.6346/NPUST.2012.00244

摘要

台灣人口稠密、環境資源利用有限，加上生活/畜牧、工業廢水與廢棄物不當排放入河川，使得環境水體中底泥受到各種污染。而疏水性污染物則可能會與水體中的底泥結合，增加對水體環境中水生動植物的影響。
本研究利用0.1 N氫氧化鈉萃取高屏地區七條河川底泥中腐植物質，利用物理方式、化學方式分離底泥中腐植物質的成分，並使用紫外光/可見光分光光度計及螢光光譜儀，分析其不同的吸光值與激發/放射矩陣光譜，進行不同光譜指標特性研究。並利用螢光衰減法求得底泥中腐植物質與雌激類化合物的分配係數（KDOM），並利用光譜特性指標討論可能影響KDOM的因子。
研究結果顯示分離腐植物質大小分子（0.45-1 kDa, < 1 kDa），發現主要是以大分子對雌激類化合物的結合能力較小分子高，因為大分子類物質其腐植程度較小分子來的好。利用化學分離腐植酸（humic acid, HA）與黃酸物質（fulvic acid, FA），顯示兩者都對雌激類化合物有結合能力，結合能力的強弱以其腐植程度與所含的量為主要因子。SUVA254 （specific ultraviolet absorbance at 254 nm divided HS carbon concentration）、A250 （absorbance integral area from 250 nm to 450 nm）之間有良好的相關性（p < 0.05）且為良好的腐植化指標與log KDOM也有良好的正相關性。而紫外光/可見光分光光度計、螢光光譜儀可以迅速檢測腐植溶液的光譜特性，並了解溶液的腐植物種與腐植化程度，利用光譜分析腐植特性是為迅速且可行的工具。

關鍵字

底泥 ； 腐植質 ； 螢光激發/放射矩陣光譜 ； 螢光衰減法

並列摘要

Taiwan is an island with a dense population and many rivers, but limited environmental resources. Unfortunately, sewage, livestock waste, and industrial wastewater are improperly discharged into the rivers. Aquatic sediments contain various pollutants. Hydrophilic contaminants flow with those rivers, which ultimately discharge to the sea. However, hydrophobic contaminants may combine with sediment, which increases the impact on aquatic plants and animals in the aquatic environment.
In this study, 0.1 N NaOH solutions were used to extract humic substances (HS) from seven river sediments in the Kaohsiung and Pingtung areas, Taiwan. Both physical and chemical separation methods were adopted to separate the HS constituents in the sediment. A UV/Vis and fluorescence spectrophotometer collected UV/Vis absorbance values and excitation/emission matrix. The spectral characteristics of the different HS and fluorescence indices were analyzed. Furthermore, the fluorescence quenching method was used to obtain the partition coefficient (KDOM) between the sediment HS and estrogenic compounds, and the indices of spectral characteristics were used to evaluate the factors that may affect KDOM.
The results showed that the high molecular weight HS (HMWHS) had a better binding capacity to estrogenic compounds than the low molecular weight HS (LMWHS), because the HMWHS had more humification than the LMWHS. Both the humic acid (HA) and fulvic acid (FA), separated with chemical method, showed good binding capacity to estrogenic compounds. The strength of the binding capacity was dominated by the degree of humification and the amount of HS and FA in solution. The values between specific ultraviolet absorbance at 254 nm divided HS carbon concentration (SUVA254) and absorbance integral area from 250 nm to 450 nm (A250) showed good correlation (p < 0.05); hence, A250 can be an index of humification. In addition, the values of log KDOM have a good positive correlation with SUVA254 and A250. UV/Vis and fluorescence spectra can quickly detect humic solution spectral properties, and can evaluate the humus species and humification degree in the solution; hence, using spectroscopic analysis of humic properties is a rapid and reliable tool.

並列關鍵字

sediment ； humic substance ； excitation/emission matrix ； fluorescence quenching

參考文獻

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