托嬰中心父母知覺嬰幼兒氣質與父母情緒反應之研究

本研究旨在探討托嬰中心父母知覺嬰幼兒氣質與父母情緒反應之研究，探討不同背景變項的嬰幼兒其氣質表現之差異，同時分析不同背景變項的父母及幼兒對其子女情緒反應情形。以臺中市托嬰中心307名嬰幼兒，307對父母親為研究對象，本研究使用之嬰兒氣質評估問卷，由台大醫院兒童心理衛生中心及台北市立婦幼醫院兒童心智科所編修；同時參考Fabes、Eisenberg所編製之『父母情緒反應問卷』加以改編。將所得資料以獨立樣本 t 檢定、單因子變異數分析進行資料統計：根據研究結果可歸納出如下的結論：一、托嬰中心父母知覺嬰幼兒氣質之現況以「反應閾」與「活動量」較高。二、父母在情緒反應之現況「懲罰反應」母親高於父親，在「情緒引導反應」父親高於母親，在「焦點問題反應」父親高於母親。三、不同性別、年齡及出生順序之嬰幼兒在氣質向度上有差異。四、不同性別、家庭結構、學歷、嬰幼兒年齡之父母親在情緒反應上有差異。依據研究結論，提出建議供托嬰中心父母、托育人員及未來後續研究者之參考。

關鍵字

嬰幼兒氣質；父母情緒反應；托嬰中心

並列摘要

The study aimed to examine children and child care centers’ parents consciousness towards infants and child temperament with regard to the parents’ emotional responses. Furthermore, the study looked into different background variables of infants and their temperament, as well as, different background changes will lead to particular performamces. The study also analyzed the aspects of diverse parents’ reactions toward their children temperament. The questionnaire adapted in this research paper, Infant Temperament Questionnaire, ITQ, was edited by Children's Mental Health Center of National Taiwan University Hospital and Children's Mental Health Department of Taipei Municipal Women and Children Hospital. At the same time, the questionnaire of The Parental Emotional Responses Coping with Children’s Negative Emotions Scale, CCNES, by Fabes, Eisenberg and Bernzweig was also used as reference. The objects in this study were of 307 infants in daycare centers in Taichung City and their parents. Toddler Temperament Scale edited and Parent Emotion Reaction Scale were applied to this study; The data gathered was examined and analyzed with independent samples t test and analysis of variance and the findings are shown as follow: 1. Regarding the relation between the awareness of the parents who work in child care centers and the infants’ temperaments, the conclusion was that their intensity of reaction was greater and the activity amount was higher. 2. Regarding parental status in emotional reaction, punitive reaction from a mother was greater than a father, whereas, a father was more of emotion-focused reaction than a mother. Furthermore, fathers were more problem-focused than mothers. 3. Infants of different gender, age, and birth order had differences in temperament. 4. Parents of different gender, age, family structure, education and baby ages had differences in emotional reactions. Finally, this study was based on the results of the research, having further suggestion for child care centers, parents, and child care workers as reference.