台灣民眾政治知識的變遷與來源

Changes and Sources of Political Knowledge in Taiwan

林聰吉(Tsong-Jyi Lin) ； 王淑華(Shu-Hua Wang)

《東吳政治學報》 25卷3期 (2007/09) Pp. 93-129

https://doi.org/10.6418/SJPS.200709.0093

摘要

本文主要研究問題有二：第一，台灣民眾政治知識歷年的趨勢為何？以1992-2004年的資料觀之，民眾平均的政治知識是屬中度微幅偏高，但其歷年分佈卻起伏不定。研究發現，測量政治知識的題目內容與訪談的時間點，可能是造成政治知識發展趨勢不穩定的主因之一。由於每次用來測量政治知識的題目不盡相同，所以內容難易有別。若逢困難的題目組合，民眾政治知識的整體得分往往因而降低，若是簡單的題組則反之。至於訪談的時間點，亦是與時事知識的高低有密切相關；若是訪談時間和人事的更替相距不久，答對的比率會有所減少，若是時間相隔較久，則反之。此外，政治人物個人的表現所牽動在媒體的曝光率，也會影響時事知識的回答正確率。
第二，本文利用TEDS2003年的資料去瞭解形塑政治知識的因素，發現男性、城市居民、年齡較大者、學歷高者，皆傾向於擁有較高的政治知識。至於媒體的接觸與非正式團體的參與也有利於增加整體的政治知識。本文證據顯示，媒體不但深具影響力，而且對於制度知識與時事知識的形塑皆有其效果。然而，本研究也同時證明，電視對於各類政治知識的增進，皆不及報紙來得有效。

關鍵字

政治知識 ； 制度知識 ； 時事知識 ； 媒體接觸

並列摘要

There are two findings in this study. First, the development of political knowledge in Taiwan is relatively unstable during the period of 1992-2004. The authors argue that this consequence is due to the wording of questions and the timing of surveys. Second, by using data from TEDS 2003, this study attempts to explore the sources of political knowledge in Taiwan. The model shows that gender, age, location, and education are the significant factors for shaping political knowledge. In addition, informal group participation and exposure to the media contribute to individual political knowledge. Along with economic growth and social change, the paper suggests that political knowledge in Taiwan has an opportunity to increase in the coming years. However, the growth of political knowledge may be limited if the Taiwanese people continue to rely on TV as their primary source for information.

並列關鍵字

political knowledge ； taught knowledge ； surveillance knowledge ； media exposure

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