如何面對外在理論－一個行動研究者的自我反省

本文的主要目的在探究行動研究時，宜如何面對外在理論的問題。方法上，主要是從「態度」「方法」這兩個層面反省作者自身所從事過的三個教育行動研究，然後提出觀點。在態度上：本文認為行動研究者宜開放的反省自我，然後再須要的時候參看相關的理論，惟須以批判的態度來面對。在方法上：本文認為必須在充分的論證後透過實踐來檢驗所參看的理論。首先，在將理論轉化為實踐之前的「論證」階段，宜先理解所參看的理論，然後可針對其真實性、正當性及可行性加以質疑與討論。其次，在將理論轉化為「實證」階段，宜蒐集與實踐有關的完整資料作為自我反省或協同反省的依據，然後依反省的結果調整所引用的理論。在蒐集資料時，只要有助於完整資料的蒐集，量或質的方法都可行。

關鍵字

行動研究；教育行動研究；反省；理論與行動研究

並列摘要

The main purpose of this article is to explore some proper ways for action researchers to make use of external theories concerned appropriately. The author tries to reflect the three educational action researches done by himself to reach the purpose. The attitude and method adopted by the author before are the focus of reflection. First of all, the author thinks that the proper attitude is that action researchers have to reflect their own thoughts or practice, then, they could review external theories concerned in critical manner if necessary. Based on the attitude proposed above, action researchers may try to disclose and solve the problematic and some insufficiency of those theories reviewed by themselves before applying them into their educational practice. When doing so, action researchers should try to comprehend them firstly. Then, they can evaluate and examine whether those theories are true, right, and practicable or not. Action researchers could try to apply those theories into their educational practice if they can pass these examinations. But, action researchers have to gather comprehensive information concerned with their practice. And, they must examine and adjust those theories by means of rigorous self-reflection and collaborative reflection.