某護專五年制護生臨床選習制度成效之探討

The Effects of Preceptorship on Nursing Competency in a Five-year Program Nursing School

石惠美(Whei-Mei Shih) ； 陳敏麗(Min-Li Chen) ； 廖張京棣(Jenny Liao)

《醫護科技學刊》 2卷1期 (2000/01) Pp. 34-55

https://doi.org/10.6563/TJHS.2000.2(1).3

摘要

本研究目的在探討臨床選習制度對護生護理專業能力成長之成效，及護生留任原臨床選習單位之成效。研究對象為某護理專科學校五專五年級全體學生共238位。研究設計採用三角交叉法(Triangulation)結合量與質之研究。
第一階段資料收集以徐曼瑩副教授、鍾聿琳教授等，民國82年所設計之護理專業能力之問卷，所得資料以SAS/PC電腦軟體進行百分比、平均數、標準差、t-檢驗及薛費氏事後檢定等方法處理。結果顯示(1)護生選習後其護理專業能力比選習前高。(2)護 生選習後之照顧、溝通、自我及專業成長、管理、教學等能力有顯著進步。第二階段採半結構訪談方式訪談15位護生、15位臨床指導教師、及11位護理長後將其內容加以整理、分類、分析。結果顯示臨床指導教師之感受為(1)刺激自我成長； (2)壓力大； (3)使命感。護理長對留任原單位護生之評價為(1)人事物不須重新適應；(2)比外校畢業生帶 起來輕鬆；(3)選習生自我要求高；(4)臨床選習可做為學校生活到臨床之橋樑。至於單位護理人員對護生之評價為(1)互動良好； (2)認同度高。本研究結果肯定護生在臨床選習制度後回到原選習單位之正面意義，可提供護理教育及業界之參考。

關鍵字

臨床選習 ； 臨床指導教師制度 ； 護理專業能力

並列摘要

The purposes of this study were to explore the effects of preceptorship toward nursing competency on nursing students and the effects of nursing students returning to the previous nursing practice unit. A total number of 238 nursing students from fifth grade of junior nursing college were collected as samples. A triangulation method using quantity and quality was used in this study. On the first period, a structured questionnaire was designed to collect nursing competency of nursing students. Data were analyzed by SAS/PC software package for percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test, and Scheffe' method. The results showed that (1) after preceptorship, nursing competency was higher than before; (2) there were significant improvement on the abilities of nursing care, communication, self and professional improvement, management, and teaching. On the second period, a semi-structured interviews method for 15 nursing students returning to the previous nursing practice unit, 15 preceptors, and II head nurses were used to collect data and were tape-recorded and transcribed ad process recordings. Content analysis revealed as follows: Preceptors reflected that (1) preceptorship could stimulate self improvement, (2) the pressure of being a preceptor was great, (3) the self responsibility was great. The evaluation of head nurses toward nursing students were (1) these students did not need to adapt the environment and co-workers again, (2) it was easier to train these students than those new graduates who were not trained here、(3) these students' self discipline was higher than those new graduates who were not trained here, (4) preceptorship was a bridge for student from school life to clinical practice. The evaluation of staff on the unit toward these students were (1) interpersonal relationship on the unit was good, (2) unit-identification is high. The results of this research had positive influence on nursing student returning to previous practice unit after preceptorship.

並列關鍵字

clinical practice ； preceptorship ； nursing competency