本研究以乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯(Ethylene Vinyl Acetate)為基材,將脫層奈米石墨(Exfoliated Graphite nano-platelets)分別與氫氧化鋁(Aluminum Hydroxide)及氫氧化鎂(Magnesium Hydroxide)藉由雙輥混煉機以高分子熔融法混合製備無鹵阻燃劑,分別製備EVA/MH/xGnP之高分子複合材料、EVA/ATH/xGnP之高分子複合材料進行高分子複合材料改質。 此高分子複合材料使用少量的脫層奈米石墨,部分取代金屬氫氧化物,觀察熱安定性與燃燒後的行為反應。以熱重分析儀(TGA)、限氧指數儀(LOI)、垂直燃燒測試(UL-94)在空氣下評估熱安定性,再以圓錐量熱儀(Cone Calorimeter)進行燃燒測試探討其燃燒後的型態與釋放濃煙狀況。 結果顯示,添加適量的脫層奈米石墨片可以有效地增進阻燃效果,提高LOI數值與UL-94阻燃等級,且TGA熱安定性有明顯的提升,Cone測試燃燒時間延長與熱釋放速率降低;其中熱安定性質以EVA(50wt%)/ATH(46wt%)/xGnP(4wt%)為最佳比例,當xGnP添加比例為4wt%時其測試結果LOI值為31.5、UL-94為V-0等級、TGA熱安定性值最佳、Cone燃燒測試peak HRR為271.02。
This study focused on the flame retardancy of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) in combination with metal hydroxide and exfoliated graphite nano-platelets (xGnP). Also, this study implemented four types of fire test analysis, such as LOI, UL-94, and cone calorimeter for the metal hydroxide and the exfoliated graphite nano-platelets in EVA composites. The experimental results showed that when the xGnP was substituted for the aluminum hydroxide or magnesium hydroxide in EVA blends. When the xGnP added into the polymer, LOI value was improved, the UL-94 reached the V-0 rank, besides, the thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) also showed that the xGnP increased the thermal stability and cone calorimeter test indicated that the peak heat released rate (pk-HRR) is reduced by 56%-70%.