台灣地區垃圾處理方式以焚化處理為主要處理技術,垃圾焚化後之灰渣會產生二次污染等公害問題,是以本研究擬利用微波輔助酸解方式處理焚化飛灰,若能降低飛灰中重金屬含量與破壞Dioxin之結構,則可進一步探討後續資源化之方案。 本研究根據實驗結果可獲知當混合酸的濃度愈大時,微波酸解的削減成效愈佳,以Dioxin為例,當添加酸液濃度為H2SO4(17.8M)+ HNO3(15.6M)時,對Dioxin之破壞去除成效均可達95%以上,當混合酸濃度降低至約10.0M時,或消化時間減少時,則其削減成效可能降至80%左右。而添加酸液濃度為影響微波酸解處理飛灰中Pb-TCLP溶出量之主要因子。飛灰在微波酸解處理時,不是純由化學反應主宰整個(Overall)Dioxin削減成效。輔以學理基礎可知飛灰中Dioxin的形成或凝聚會隨著顆粒成長而增加,顆粒的整體效應(包括孔隙大小與曲度等)會使Dioxin的強酸破壞分解反應削弱。
In Taiwan, incineration is the main technique of garbage clearance. The Flyash of incineration will produce the secondary pollution; therefore this study uses the Microwave Acidolysis to process the Flyash of incineration. We expect to reduce the dissolves of Lead Metal and destroy the structure of Dioxin, and then we can discuss the next plans about reusing the Flyash. According to the experimental results of this study, it shows when the concentration of mixed acid is stronger, the efficiency of Microwave acidolysis is better. Take DXN for example, when the concentration of added acid is H2SO4(17.8M) + HNO3(15.6M), the efficiency of destroying Dioxin can reach above 95%. When the concentration of added acid reduces to approximately 10.0M (or the digestive time is less), the efficiency of destroying Dioxin will possibly drop to about 80%. The concentration of added acid is the main factor when using Microwave Acidolysis to treat process the TCLP of Lead metal of the Flyash. The efficiency of destroying Dioxin is not entirely controlled by the chemical reaction when using the Microwave acidolysis to treat process the Flyash of incineration. On the basis of theoretical foundation, the formation or condensation of Dioxin in Flyash will increase by the growth of particles. The overall effect of particles (including the size and curvature of pore, etc.) will make the destruct reaction of Dioxin weaker.