The purpose of this research were: 1. to explore the athletes' dynamic change of goal involvement when facing opponents with different abilities, and 2. to explore the athletes' dynamic change of goal involvement with different perceived abilities in different component situations. The subjects were 197 bowling players (including males and females) participating in the 2003 National Games. The research tools were”Goal Involvement Scale” and ”Perceived Ability Scale”. The collected data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and mixed-design ANOVA. The results were as follows: 1.There was a difference between the dynamic change of goal involvement when athletes faced opponents with different abilities. 2.There was a difference between the dynamic of task involvement in athletes with different perceived abilities. 3.There was a difference between the dynamic of ego involvement in athletes in different component situations. 4.There was a difference in the interaction of perceived ability and different component situations.