社區動員如何可能？－以灣寶與大埔反土地徵收抗爭為例的比較研究

What makes the Community mobilization possible? A Comparative study on Anti-land expropriation protests in Wanbao and Dapu

徐旭(Hsu Hsu)

指導教授 ： 周桂田

共同指導教授 ： 何明修

國立臺灣大學/社會科學院/國家發展研究所/碩士(2014年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2014.03123

摘要

因國家機器對土地的浮濫徵收，晚近引起一波反土地徵收的抗爭浪潮。其中苗栗縣大埔事件與灣寶事件成為兩個重要的反徵收抗爭，在這兩個案例中，雖然同處於苗栗縣，也發生在相近的時間點，但有趣的是，兩者動員過程中，灣寶自救會的動員如何能夠在社區內部持續，而相對地大埔自救會的動員力在社區內部逐漸流失，轉向依賴外部網絡的動員。社區動員如何可能？我們嘗試找出造成差異的主要原因，將比較單位分為大埔里�灣寶里，大埔自救會�灣寶自救會，分別對比經濟區位與結構、徵收方式，社區網絡與組織狀況等多元面向。研究發現，在一個反徵收抗爭當中，灣寶的社區網絡是基於社區內部綿密的人際網絡與農耕生產互動，以及與外部組織建立長期的多重連帶（solidarity），而大埔自救會則是面臨一個異質性較高、利益相對分化的以工商業為主要經濟構成的社區，自救會成員與其他社區成員的經濟基礎差異很大，依賴于外部組織的動員，當地社區動員難以長期持續。

關鍵字

反徵收抗爭 ； 灣寶 ； 大埔 ； 社區動員 ； 網絡

並列摘要

In the recently years, Taiwan occurred seises of anti-land expropriation protest (ALEP) since the land expropriations were increasing fastly in the power of the state. Among those, Dapu and Wanbao are two typical cases both happened in Miaoli County at almost the same period. However, we found that during the processs of mobilization, Wanbao successfully mobilized most of the internal community resident while the other, Dapu in otherwised, losing the internal support and gradually relied on the external network support. Why the community mobilization becomes possible? We try to figure out the main reasons from these two cases so we separate two group of comparion objects, the first group comparion is Dapu Community and Wanbao Commuinty, the second one is Wanbao Self-Help Organization and Dapu Self-Help Organization. We compare the two cases top-down, including the economic structure, the pattern of land expropriation, network of the community and organization etc. The study shows that during the protest, the exsisted network matters. The Wanbao community networks based on a strong connection combine the daily interpersonal network and arigricultural interaction, besides it built up the multiple connections with the outside organizations. On the other hand, Dapu Self-Help Organization had to face with a more complicated community, highly heterogeneous, interest-orientative. The members of the association are highly differentiated with the others in terms of the economic source. As a result, the mobilization was hard to sustain within the community.

並列關鍵字

anti-land expropriation protest (ALEP) ； Wanbao ； Dapu ； Moblizaiton ； Network

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