照顧服務員的失智症照護知識與態度之探討

長照機構內老年住民失智症盛行率偏高，為主要照顧人力的照顧服務員，其培訓課程並無納入失智症照護相關課程，因而促使研究者探討長照機構照顧服務員其失智症照護知識及態度。本研究採橫斷式問卷調查設計，以自擬結構式問卷分層隨機抽樣，問卷分失智症照護知識、態度及人口學屬性三部分。對象為台北市及新北市之長照機構照顧服務員，共得271份有效問（回收率為92%）。研究結果失智症照護知識（滿分15分)平均得分11.17分（SD=1.86)，顯示長照機構照顧服務員的失智症照護知識尚足夠，但失智症「定義」、「病程發展」及「日常生活照顧」等知識較不足；長照機構的照顧服務員其知識得分顯著高於護理之家的照顧服務員，且親友中有失智症者、求學階段有受過失智症教育者、曾參加過失智症在職教育者其失智症照護知識得分顯著較高。失智症照護態度（負向至正向1~5分)平均為3.79分（SD=0.87)，顯示照顧服務員的失智症照護態度是中立偏正向的；態度越正向者其失智症照護知識得分也越高。建議未來應在照顧服務員訓練課程標準增加失智症照護課程，也應把失智症照護列入照顧服務員在職教育課程主軸，期能提升照顧服務員的照顧工作勝任度，進而增進失智症之照顧品質。

關鍵字

照顧服務員；失智症照謢；知識與態度

並列摘要

The prevalence of dementia in long-term care facilities has been increasing; however, dementia care has not been included in the training courses of nursing assistants. The purpose of this study was to explore the knowledge and attitude of dementia care among nursing assistants in long-term care facilities. This design of this study was cross-sectional with stratified random sampling conducted in Taipei and New Taipei City. A battery of questionnaires included dementia care knowledge and attitude as well as demographic information. A total of 271 questionnaires was obtained with a recovery rate of 92%. The average score of nurse assistants’ knowledge toward dementia care (total score 15) was 11.17 (SD=1.86). Most assistants had adequate dementia care knowledge; however, “definition”, “progression” and “daily care” of dementia were relatively insufficient. The knowledge score of nurse assistants who work in long-term care facilities was significantly higher than those who work in nursing homes. Nurse assistants who received education in the past or on-the-job training of dementia care, or who had experience in caring for persons with dementia have better knowledge about dementia care. Nurse assistants’ attitude toward dementia care tended to be positive (negative to positive attitude is 1 to 5; mean=3.79, SD=0.87). Findings revealed that nursing assistants who have more positive attitude toward persons with dementia had better knowledge of dementia. Together our findings suggest that content regarding dementia care should be included in the training course as well as on-the-job training of nursing assistants working in long-term care facilities. It can not only enhance the competence of nurse assistants but also increase the quality of care in long-term care facilities regarding dementia care.