設備備用零件庫存管理模型建構-以TFT-LCD產業A公司某製程設備為例

An Inventory Model of Equipment Spare Parts – A Case Study of Company A in TFT-LCD Industry

許宗凱(Zong-Kai Hsu)

指導教授 ： 蔡啟揚

元智大學/工程學院/工業工程與管理學系/碩士(2011年)

https://doi.org/10.6838/YZU.2011.00187

摘要

存貨管理是企業管理成功的關鍵之一。以存貨種類來看，包括原物料、零組件、備用零件、在製品、半成品與成品，其中備用零件是最複雜且差異性最大的存貨，其中最主要特性為「需求間隔時間變異」差異大，導致存貨不易預估與備料。本研究主要探討的是大型設備的備用零件的庫存管理，除了備用零件即有的特性之外，最主要特色是零件種類繁多，因此「重點管理」對企業來說就顯得相當的重要。近年許多學者投入研究備用零件的庫存管理，發展出許多備用零件存貨管理的策略，但多數方法操作複雜以致於都停留在理論階段無法在產業界成功的實行。

本研究針對備用零件特性建構一個存貨管理模型，雖然結合四種分類法將備用零件分為八類，各類存貨再實施不同的存貨控制方法，但是方法的參數計算並沒有應用複雜數學與生管方法，易於在產業界推行。最後以TFT-LCD產業某製程設備的備用零件庫存管理個案為例，驗證結果顯示不但可降低存貨水準同時可減少存貨管理的人力成本。

關鍵字

設備備用零件 ； 存貨分類法 ； 存貨控制

並列摘要

Inventory management is one of critical aspects of successful management. Inventory was typically classified into raw materials, component parts, spare parts, work-in-process, sub-assemblies, and finished goods. Among these inventory types, characteristics as well as demand patterns of spare part items are absolutely the most variant and complicated of all. In equipment spare parts, the most important characteristic was the “high difference in variations of demand intervals”, which leading to complicated inventory management. This study focused on the spare parts inventory management of large equipments. In addition to the original characteristics of spare parts, the most important characteristic was the variety of items. Thus, In recent years, many scholars invested a lot of time and effort in spare parts inventory management and developed many strategies of spare parts’ inventory management. However, most of the methods were complex, and couldn’t be successfully implemented in the industry and still remained on the theoretical stage.

In this study, we established an inventory classification model based on the characteristic of spare parts. Four classification schemes were applied and spare parts were classified into eight categories. An inventory management policy for each item category is also suggested. The proposed model does not require complex for obtaining policy parameter values. Finally, using the spare parts of TFT-LCD industrial process equipments as an example, the performance of the proposed model is evaluated. The result showed that it not only reduced inventory levels but also labor cost.

並列關鍵字

equipment spare parts ； inventory classification ； inventory control

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