本研究欲了解女性泰勞從事跨國就業後的就業樣態發展,以及其中的影響因素。本文透過就業歷程的追蹤,並以「就業地點」和「從業身分別」為區隔,再由個人、家庭、社會、國際等四個層面探討其中之影響因素,最後進行跨國就業經驗對女性泰勞職涯發展之影響分析。本研究採用質性訪談方法,在泰國(東北部為主、中部為輔)、台灣兩地進行訪談,共計訪談16位女性泰勞,包含:返回泰國就業者13位、在台工作者3位。 本研究發現,有許多的跨國就業都是由親屬效應催生而出,而跨國就業經驗對於女性泰的職涯發展也深具影響力,無論她們最終是否圓夢或追求到所期待的幸福。在一段一段的跨國就業旅程中,女性泰勞可獲得有形的資產,也得以拓展視野、堅定改變的勇氣、獲得友誼與人脈,甚至找到人生目標重新建構自我價值。最後,本研究建議需求國除積極開發外勞來源國之外,也可評估攜眷就業的可行性;企業也應落實勞動尊嚴、平等對待,以穩定泰勞來台意願,甚至可在海外設廠有勞力需求時聘用返國泰勞,以減少訓練成本及文化隔閡。
This research intends to trace the employment pattern and influencing factors of female Thai workers after they have returned home from first oversea work. Through in-depth interviews of 16 female Thais (13 in Thailand and 3 in Taiwan as of interview), aspects of personal features, families, social network and international experience are explored. Furthermore, impacts of overseas experience on female Thais’ career development after returning home are analyzed. The major findings are the following: Most overseas working experience are generated by relatives, such experience also influence their career development. By working overseas, female Thais usually accumulate their wealth, broaden their visions, strengthen their courage of change, develop their friendship and social network and reconstruct their self-value and life goal. This study suggests that travelling with dependents for foreign workers may be considered, how to utilize the skills learned overseas after returning home may be planned, and educational session of investment can be offered to foreign workers.