苦瓜新品種花蓮4號之育成

New Bitter Gourd Variety 'Hualien No. 4'

全中和(Jong-Ho Chyuan) ； 楊素絲(Su-Szu Yang)

《花蓮區農業改良場研究彙報》 27期 (2009/12) Pp. 19-27

https://doi.org/10.6957/RBHDAIS.200912.0019

摘要

苦瓜新品種‘花蓮4號’為F1雜交種，具有生長勢強、雌花早開、結果力強、品質佳等諸多優良特性。其親本1998年收集自花蓮縣吉安鄉與光復鄉，經過多年純化、篩選、雜交於2002年獲得品質優良，符合多項苦瓜育種目標之WB33品系。經過F1雜交組合力試驗、品系比較試驗、區域試驗、栽培密度試驗等，於2008年1月22日取得品種權。苦瓜‘花蓮4號’株型為蔓性，分枝多，莖蔓中等，深裂葉，葉色綠，花瓣黃色，雌雄同株異花，雌花於主蔓第33節開花，早晨開花，春作定植後約35天，夏作約30天，進入始花期。果皮綠色，果面具尖銳突起及條狀突起，長橢圓形，平均果重20－50公克，春作開花後約12－15天採收，夏作開花後約12天採收。每公頃產量春作約為13.7公噸，夏作約為18.2公噸。採收期45天至60天；總生育日數110天至130天。

關鍵字

苦瓜 ； 育種 ； 品種

並列摘要

The bitter gourd 'Hualien No. 4' is a new cultivar of F1 hybrid. It is earlier female flowering and contains stronger growth vigor in traits of strong fruit setting and good quality. The original parental lines were domesticated from the Jian area in 1998. A superior inbred line, WB33, with appropriate qualities in retention to the official standard of breeding objectives has been selected during 2002 after a series of breeding tests including the combining ability test of F1 hybrids, the comparative yield test, the regional trial and the planting density trial. On January 22, 2008, WB33 has obtained the plant breeders' right (PBR) as a new cultivar naming Hualien No. 4. It is a monoecious vine with a lot of branches and the female flower blooms from the 33rd section of the main vine. The flowering period lasts for about 35 days in spring crop and 30 days in summer crop. The fruit of Hualien No. 4 has a cylindrical conidia shape and processes a green skin with pearls and bars of 20 to 50 grams in weight. It takes 12 to 15 days from the blossom stage to the harvest stage and gives a total yield of approximately 13.7 metric tons per hectare for spring crop and 18.2 metric tons for summer crop. It has as optimal harvest stage of 45 to 60 days and the total growth period from germination to maturity lasts for about 110 to 130 days.

並列關鍵字

wild bitter gourd ； breeding ； hybrid F1 variety