環境風險與科技決策：檢視中科四期環評爭議

Environmental Risks and Policy Making: Examining the EIA Controversies of CTSP-IV

杜文苓(Wen-Ling Tu)

《東吳政治學報》 29卷2期 (2011/06) Pp. 57-110

https://doi.org/10.6418/SJPS.201106.0057

摘要

伴隨科技發展的環境風險日趨複雜，使攸關風險課題的公共決策面臨極大挑戰。由於高科技產業製程日新月異且排放物質難以全盤掌握，使科學園區的設置和相關的環境影響評估，逐年遭受日漸強大的質疑聲浪與細緻的反對論述。高科技所引發的環境爭議，也揭示了風險評估與決策不僅是科學問題，更涉及環境治理的政治過程。本文以中科四期環評爭議為例，探討技術官僚在面臨社會大眾的疑慮時，如何進行相關風險溝通、科學資料詮釋與政策辯護？其回應背後透露了什麼科技政治的意涵？而此風險決策模式，又透露了什麼樣的環境治理特性？從檢視風險決策中的科技政治論述出發，透過新聞報導和檔案資料的分析、田野參與觀察，對照中科四期環評爭議過程中的輿論質疑和官方的回應舉措，檢視高科技光電產業污染爭議中，官方所呈現的風險管理態度以及隱藏的科技政治意涵，以進一步解析高科技產業環境爭議未能得解的原因與挑戰。

關鍵字

環境爭議 ； 公共決策 ； 中科四期 ； 風險評估 ； 科技政治 ； 環境影響評估

並列摘要

As the environmental risks accompanying technological advancement become more complicated, the relevant public risk policies encounter enormous challenges. This paper focuses upon the subject of environmental impact assessment of High-Tech Park development. The EIA processes on Central Taiwan Science Park (CTSP) face increasing counter discourses and questions because of its unknown risks. Such environmental controversies disclose a proposition that the process of risk assessment and decision making is not only scientific but also a political process involving environmental governance.As a case study on the controversies of CTSP-IV, this paper discusses how the technocrats communicate, interpret, and defend their policy under public scrutiny. In addition, it probes the technology politics and the features of environmental governance within the process above. By analyzing news, archives, and notes from participant observations, we contrast public opinions with official reactions during the EIA process of CTSP-IV. Through this case, we investigate the official attitude towards risk management, the technological politics behind the scene, and the reason why environmental controversies of high-tech development have never been resolved.

並列關鍵字

environmental controversy ； public decision making ； CTSP-IV ； environmental impact assessment EIA ； risk assessment ； technological politics

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