The purpose of this essay is to describe the historical process in which how the United States government implement its education of Native Americans and what questions it had encountered. The main problems involved include the conflict between pluralism and assimilationism, between Indian tradition and European-American culture and between traditional knowledge and modem science and technology. The author points out that although American government had, for more than one hundred years, managed to educate the native Americans, its results were not satisfactory. The government still need to do more to enhance literacy of the Indians, solve their poverty problems and prevent their alienation from the main current of American society.