成年人體操訓練與執行功能之關聯

Relationship between gymnastics training and executive function in adults

童俊傑(Chun-Chieh Tung) ； 闕廷宇(Ting-Yu Chueh) ； 洪聰敏(Tsung-Min Hung) ； 陳奕良(Yi-Liang Chen)

《臺灣運動心理學報》 21卷3期 (2021/11) Pp. 1-17

https://doi.org/10.6497/BSEPT.202111_21(3).0001

摘要

目的：本研究旨在探討成年人體操訓練與執行功能之關係。方法：本研究招募105位年齡介於20至50歲之健康成年人為參與者，平均年齡為31.0 ± 7.0歲。參與者需填寫問卷瞭解體操訓練時間，並接受體操技巧與執行功能檢測。體操技巧測驗內容有手倒立、手翻類、空翻類、連接動作、器械項目及身體姿態，執行功能是透過叫色作業（Stroop test）及作業轉換（task-switch）來檢測。結果：體操訓練時間與叫色作業一致情境和不一致情境的正確率、一般作業轉換及混合作業轉換的正確率呈現正相關，而與整體轉換成本反應時間呈現負相關。體操技巧與叫色作業不一致情境正確率、一般作業轉換及混合作業轉換正確率呈現正相關，而與整體轉換成本反應時間呈現負相關。結論：成年人接受體操訓練的時間越長以及有較佳的體操技巧，在執行功能有較佳的表現，顯示體操運動與成年人執行功能之間的正向關係。此發現有助於成年人體操訓練的推展，說明體操運動可作為促進大腦功能的一種運動處方。

關鍵字

協調 ； 體操 ； 抑制 ； 認知功能

並列摘要

Purpose: This study examined the relationship between gymnastics training and executive function in adults. Method: one hundred and five healthy adults aged between 20 and 50 years old (mean age = 31.0 years, SD = 7.0) were recruited. Participants were required to fill out a questionnaire for demographic and gymnastics training experience and to complete executive function tasks and a series of gymnastic skill tests. The gymnastic skill tests included handstands, handsprings, somersaults, connection movements, apparatuses and body postures. The execution function was assessed by a Stroop test and a task-switching paradigm. Results: The length of gymnastics training was positively correlated with the accuracies in the congruent and incongruent conditions of the Stroop test, and the accuracies in the general and mixed conditions of the task switching. Moreover, the length of gymnastics training was associated with smaller global switch cost in task switching. Gymnastics performance was positively correlated with the accuracies in the incongruent condition of the Stroop test and in the general and mixed conditions of the task switching, while negatively correlated with global switch cost in task switching. Conclusion: The findings indicate that longer gymnastics training experience and better gymnastics skills are associated with better inhibition and cognitive flexibility in adults. This study sheds lights on the close relationship between gymnastics skills and executive function in adults. It is suggested that gymnastics could be used as an exercise prescription to enhance brain function of adults.

並列關鍵字

coordination ； gymnastics ； inhibition ； cognitive function

參考文獻

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