近十年來中國大陸的「華南地方史」研究：以《歷史人類學學刊》與《歷史．田野叢書》為例

中國地方史的研究始於二十世紀三○年代左右，中國大陸內部歷史學界有傅衣凌與梁方仲兩位學者帶領其子弟，對民間文獻進行收集與分析，並走入田野實查的農村社會研究。爾後其弟子們與歐美學界的社會學家和人類學家合作，首開以文獻閱讀結合大量田野考察等方法來研究中國地方史。於香港科技大學設有華南研究中心、廣州中山大學設立歷史人類學研究中心，本文將以《歷史人類學學刊》和《歷史．田野叢書》分析當代中國大陸華南地方史中「人群的凝聚、社會組織與結構」、「地方秩序的運作」、「商業發展、市場經濟與社會風氣」、「信仰、儀式與宗教」和「土著、移民與地權」等研究課題。也應擴展如「生態環境史」與「性別史」等其研究視角和利用GIS來重建中國各地方的歷史風貌。並提出歷史家在運用社會學科理論以及追求新材料，不應忘記歷史學以史料考證為基礎的根本。

關鍵字

歷史人類學；《歷史人類學學刊》；《歷史．田野叢書》

並列摘要

he researches of local history in China have begun around 1930s; historians in China have two scholars, Fu Yi-ling (傅衣凌) and Liang Fang-zhong (梁方仲), leading with their disciples to collect and analyze the folk literatures, they also research the fieldwork of rural society in great depth. Later, their disciples with sociologist and anthropologists from Europe and America firstly integrate a large amount of fieldwork by reading folk literatures and other methods to study the local history in China. Besides, they set up South China Research Center in Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Center for Historical Anthropology in Sun Yat-sen University. This article will analyze the contemporary local history in South China with Journal of History and Anthropology and Series of historical fieldwork books. The following are research topics: ”The bind of people,” ”Social organization and structure,” ”The operation of local order,” ”Business development, market economy and social trends,” ”Beliefs, rituals and religions,” ”Natives, migrants and land rights”.This article will extend as Environmental History and The History of Gender by using their research perspectives and GIS, reconstructing the historic features each place in China. In addition, this article will propose the social science theories and pursuit new materials that historians uses. These theories and materials should always be the fundamental basis of historical research.