歷史記憶與社區參與：以國立中山大學服務學習課程「史蹟導覽」為例

本文以作者開設的「史蹟導覽」課程為例，考察中山大學服務學習課程的某些樣貌和潛力。此門課程最初的構想，受到高雄哈瑪星新濱街廓保存運動的啟發。新濱老街是哈瑪星目前僅存較完整的日式街廓。2012年3月，當地居民因高雄市府擬將該地區開闢為停車場，而開始推動街廓保存運動。此一運動讓我們省思，不論社區，甚或城市，到底需不需要歷史記憶？中山大學位於哈瑪星地區。「史蹟導覽」試圖藉由結合史蹟參訪活動與在地歷史知識，一方面，培養學生史蹟導覽能力，且將該導覽活動與鄉土教學結合，服務哈瑪星地區的國小學童；另一方面，則是增進學生對社區總體營造的參與。本文乃是根據「史蹟導覽」課程的實作經驗所做的論述，內容除了敘述「史蹟導覽」的課程理念，以及實際進行過程所作的演進之外，也針對課程的成果及學生的反思，進行內容主題分析，探討如何藉由歷史記憶的學習與形塑，讓大學生與在地社區產生連結，進而評估導覽活動對於修課學生的影響。本文發現，從「歷史記憶」和「社區參與」可看出，經由課程的操作，學生的歷史記憶得以顯著強化，也對哈瑪星地區有了重新認識，再加上小學和家長的參與，大學生跟社區產生實質的連結與互動。本研究結果將可以做為未來相關研究之參考。

關鍵字

服務學習；歷史記憶；社區參與；哈瑪星

並列摘要

The service learning courses were considered in some aspects as labor practices by college students in the past. But now, service learning courses in colleges are very different from courses in the past and have become more pluralistic and diverse. In this study a course case study entitled ＂A Guide to Historic Monuments in Kaohsiung＂ was conducted among students in a service learning course at the National Sun Yat-sen University (NSYSU). This article presents a brief discussion regarding the character and potential of service learning courses which are designed to influence students' participation in community service activities. The service learning course of this study highlights the preservation movement established to protect the historic street blocks in Hamasen, Kaohsiung. Built during the Japanese colonial period, the buildings on the street blocks in Hamasen are a historical reminder the Japanese presence and influence during their rule in Taiwan. In March 2012, the Kaohsiung City Government drafted a policy that seeks to tear down the historical buildings in Hamasen and replace these buildings with parking lots. In opposition to this policy, local residents set up a Takao Renaissance Association. The central aim of this association is to protect the historical value of the buildings in the Hamasen area by voicing their opposition to the government's policy. The central challenge of this association was for the government and citizens to answer two questions: ＂Do we need to preserve the history of the Hamasen area for future generations? Can we encourage urban renewal without destroying the historical landmarks of this area? NSYSU is situated in the Hamasen area and concerned about protecting its history for future generations. The participants of this investigation are NSYSU students involved in a service learning course. The investigator of this study gave these students the task of integrating the local historical knowledge and monuments of Kaohsiung with teaching activities into a guided tour for elementary school students in the Hamasen area. The purposes of this service learning course were to teach NSYSU students (1) respect and understand the expectations college students and (2) understand their social responsibility endowed to them by members of society. The expected outcome of this course was to engage student a community building activity which promoted the preservation of historical knowledge and sites in the Hamasen area. A discussion on how a historical guided tour can create connections between college students and local community, and influence the NSYSU students' understanding on the importance about community service is also forwarded.