兒時受虐經驗對機構少女罹患愛滋病／性病高風險行為與憂鬱之影響

The Impact of Child Abuse Experience on the AIDS/STD-related Risk Behaviors and Depression of Adolescent Girls in a Halfway House

楊佩瑄(Pei‐Hsuan Yang) ； 馮瑞鶯(Jui‐Ying Feng) ； 馮明珠(Ming‐Chu Feng) ； 盧巧庭(Chiau‐Ting Lu) ； 黃弘暄(Hong‐Syuan Huang)

《護理暨健康照護研究》 11卷3期 (2015/09) Pp. 224-233

https://doi.org/10.6225/JNHR.11.3.224

摘要

背景：兒時受虐經驗往往會造成青少年的行為偏差及憂鬱情緒，甚至會藉由一些自傷行為，例如使用毒品、酒精與不安全性行為等，來減低內心的壓力，然而這些行為將增加感染愛滋病／性病的風險。目的：探討兒時受虐經驗對機構少女罹患愛滋病／性病高風險行為、憂鬱的影響。方法：本研究為橫斷式研究，採方便取樣，以結構式問卷方式選取南部75位機構少女為研究對象，研究工具包括兒童虐待篩選量表、愛滋病／性病危險行為評估表與憂鬱量表。結果：本研究結果顯示，有兒時受虐經驗的機構少女發生不安全性行為的比例比沒有兒時受虐經驗者高。本研究對象中62.7%曾從事色情行業，82.7%曾暴露於暴力環境，53.3%遭遇過性虐待，61.3%有憂鬱傾向。曾遭遇性虐待經驗的機構少女發生不安全性行為的比率是未遭遇性虐待者的5.3倍，顯示有被性虐待經驗之機構少女發生不安全性行為的機會相對增加，較多是從事色情行業或性工作者。結論／實務應用：受虐經驗對機構少女發生不安全性行為造成影響，有受虐經驗者，越容易發生不安全性行為。若愛滋病、性病防治觀念缺乏，就更容易暴露於危險情境之中。在早期介入方面，建議醫療人員及機構教師能更細心的觀察或詢問，若發現曾有兒虐經驗者及早介入輔導與追蹤；運用教育課程或團體的力量，給予持續性的關愛、輔導與支持，並提供定期性病篩檢及性病傳染病相關資訊，以提高有受虐經驗之機構少女安全性行為的觀念與落實愛滋／性病防治行為，才能真正達到防治的目標。

關鍵字

安置機構 ； 兒虐經驗 ； 愛滋病／性病高風險行為 ； 憂鬱

並列摘要

Background: Maltreatment during childhood may lead to deviant behaviors and depression in adolescents. Victims of childhood maltreatment often misuse drugs or alcohol and practice unsafe sex to avoid facing their current situation or stress. This behavior increases the risk of contracting acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships among experiences with childhood maltreatment, high‐risk sexual behaviors, and depression. Methods: A cross‐sectional, correlational study was conducted on a convenience sample of 75 teenage girls from a halfway house located in southern Taiwan. Structured questionnaires were used to assess the experiences of participants with childhood maltreatment, the risk behaviors for AIDS, and depression. Results: Most of the participants in this study had experiences with prostitution (62.7%), exposure to violence (82.7%), and sexual abuse (53.3%) and felt depressed (61.3%). Further, the findings showed that the participants who reported a history of sexual abuse were significantly more likely to have unsafe sex (OR = 5.3) than those who reported not experiencing sexual abuse. Conclusions / Implications for Practice: Participants with a history of childhood maltreatment were more vulnerable to AIDS/STD and more likely to practice unsafe sex. Early interventions to help prevent AIDS/STD among the victims of childhood maltreatment in halfway houses include: screening regularly for depression and for AIDS/STD, providing regular education on AIDS/STD prevention, and promoting effective coping strategies for stress.

並列關鍵字

halfway house ； childhood maltreatment ； AIDS/STD‐related risk behavior ； depression

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