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公路擋土系統在強震下之變位與補強對策

Method of Estimating and Minimizing Displacement for Soil Retaining Walls against Strong Ground Motions

摘要


本研究進行921集集大地震中損壞之邊坡上路堤及擋土牆系統之調查,並發展公路路堤擋土系統之地震中穩定性及變位計算新方法。本研究以傳統之擋土牆土壓力,及基礎承載力理論驗証此一新擬靜態分析法(Psuedo-static analysis)正確性。本研究並將此一擬靜態分析法結合Newmark之滑動塊體理論以計算擋土牆及路堤在地震中之變位。計算結果可合理解釋地震中受損擋土系統之位移現象。本文並介紹一系列振動台試驗,以了解後靠式擋土牆、加勁式擋土牆及土釘加勁式擋土牆之耐震性。試驗結果顯示採用加勁路堤可明顯提高邊坡上擋土系統之耐震性。而採用大口徑土釘對於現有後靠式擋土牆之主動破壞區及承載力破壞區施以適當之補強,可以大大提昇擋土牆之耐震能力,做為現存擋土構造物之耐震補強有效工法。本文並建議,以新發展之變位分析工具篩檢現有防災上重要公路之耐震性較差之土堤及擋土牆,並配合大口徑土釘之耐震補強措施,以建立公路之早期防災及救災計畫。

關鍵字

擋土牆 斜坡 地震 變位 加勁路堤 土釘

並列摘要


Effects of reinforcement and soil nailing to the seismic stability of soil retaining walls are investigated based on the results of a series of shaking table tests on model retaining walls. A new psuedo-static method for analyzing the displacements of soil embankments and retaing walls are developed. The method for displacement analysis developed in this study provides accurate results, and is proved to be an effective tool for evaluating possible damages of highway embankments and soil retaing walls induced by major earthquakes.

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