糖尿病患者聽力狀況之評估

背景：糖尿病能產生全身血管及末梢神經病變，這是眾所周知的。但它是否也會在內耳有相同病理變化，進而導致聽力上的障礙，在回顧以往文獻後發現並沒有定論。因此，我們試探討糖尿病是否會造成聽力惡化。方法：144名糖尿病患依年齡區分為三組，分別代表壯年、中年及老年三個族群，進行純音聽力檢查。其結果和102名以相同年齡區隔的對照組作聽力閾值的比較。另外，我們以視網膜病變及病期長短為變數，探討有視網膜病變或病期大於10年的糖尿病患是否在聽力閾值上，比無視網膜病變或病期在10年以內的糖尿病患差。結果：在與對應年齡的對照組比較下，分別代表壯年、中年及老年的三組糖尿病患的聽力狀況，無論是純音聽力平均閾值或是高頻部分的聽閾都是正常的。但是在這些患者中，合併有視網膜病變者，在與無視網膜病變比較後，其平均閾值明顯有昇高的現象。再者，病期大於10年的患者的聽力也明顯地比小於10年的患者差。結論：就整個糖尿病患者的族群而言，其聽力狀況與正常人並無差別；但當其病期較長及合併有併發症，如視網膜病變時，其聽力有明顯下降的趨勢。

關鍵字

糖尿病；聽覺功能；純音聽力檢查

並列摘要

Background: Whether diabetes mellitus results in sensorineural hearing impairment has caused much controversy in the past. In this study, we plan to find the relationship between diabetes mellitus and sensorineural deafness. Methods: We performed pure-tone audiometric studies in 144 diabetic patients. All of them were divided into three groups according to age distribution. Twenty-four patients were younger than 45 years old, 53 patients were aged between 45 and 60, and 67 patients were older than 60 years old. The results were compared to an age-matched control group. Results: There was no significant difference in pure-tone auditory threshold at all frequencies tested (250 Hz to 8 KHz) in all three groups as compared with those of the control subjects. However, pure-tone auditory thresholds of 29 patients with retinopathy were higher than those of 54 patients without retionpaty. Pure-tone thresholds of 29 patients with duration of diabetes more than 10 years were higher than those of 89 patients with duration within 10 years. Conclusions: Auditory function of diabetic patients is essentially normal. Nevertheless, prolonged duration of diabetes, especially when complicated with retinopathy may contribute to sensorineural hearing impairment.

並列關鍵字

Diabetes mellitus ； auditory function ； pure tone audiometry

國際替代計量

糖尿病患者聽力狀況之評估

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