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Cerebral Infarction Due to Blunt Neck Trauma-Report of A Case and Review of the Literature

頸部挫傷導致中大腦動脈梗塞:病例報告

摘要


頸部鈍傷造成頸動脈傷害而導致大腦血管梗塞,在中風患者中並不常見。它的致病機轉被認為是血管內膜(intima)的傷害,續發血栓的形成(thrombus formation),影響了血流,或血栓脫落成為栓子(embolus),堵住遠端的血管,造成神經功能的障礙。 本篇報告一例三十三歲的男性病人,在工作時頸部不慎受到電梯擠壓約三十秒,當時並沒有神經學上的異常。然而在十二小時後,卻有左側肢體無力及感覺喪失的情形,但當時的頭部電腦斷層攝影檢查並無特殊變化。受傷四十八小時後的頭部電腦斷層攝影顯示右側中大腦動脈區域有低濃度(low density)病變,頸部都卜勒超音波檢查發現右側頸總動脈近端有兩血栓,頭頸部血管攝影確定右側頸總動脈內血栓的存在,並顯示右側內頸動脈的血流在血栓遠端部分逐漸變細。雖然六個月後頸部都卜勒超音波檢查顯示血栓已消失,病人經復健治療後可以持杖行走,但左手仍無功能性恢復。延遲的診斷可能嚴重影響該病人神經學上的恢復。 頸部鈍傷後的病人,若有遲發性的偏癱而頭部電腦斷層攝影卻無明顯變化,應懷疑頸部血管的傷害。適時而審慎地使用抗凝血劑治療或施行血管手術,可能會改善病人的預後。

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並列摘要


Traumatic common carotid artery (CCA) injury with subsequent cerebral infarction is a rare cause among stroke patients. we report a male aged 33 years who suffered from weakness of left limbs about 12 hours after blunt neck trauma. About 48 hours later, computerized tomography (CT) of the head revealed a low-density lesion over the territory of the right middle cerebral artery (MCA). Carotid Doppler ultrasound examination showed two thrombi within the right proximal CCA. Angiography revealed a long segment of narrowed right CCA with gradual tapering of the right internal carotid artery (ICA). Delayed diagnosis might have adversely influenced his outcome. Despite strenuous rehabilitative treatment, his left hand was still non-functional.

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