Optical microscopic inspection is a fast, direct and low damage method to examine micron to sub-micron samples. Not only it has non-invasive characteristic, but also the samples are barely needed preprocessing. Hence, once we could link an optical inspection to defect detection or quality verification of certain material, it would accelerate the development of the material. In this article, we start with fundamental theory of optical microscope to microscopic photo luminescence and Raman spectroscopy and then the cutting-edge super-resolution microscopy techniques. We hope this could be a spark of inspiration to start thinking their location in your field of knowledge. After all, cross-domain linkage is one of the most innovative procedures in 21st century.