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Reverse Abdominal Breathing and Music Intervention on Reducing Pain and Anxiety during Screening Digital Mammography
並列摘要
The purpose of this study was to determine whether the reverse abdominal breathing or music intervention before and during mammography decreases the subjective reports of pain and anxiety during screening mammography. A total of 150 subjects were enrolled in this study: 50 subjects in the reverse abdominal breathing group (52.88 ± 6.67 years old), 50 in the music group (50.42 ± 5.54 years old), and 50 in the control group (51.52 ± 5.17 years old). The measures included State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) questionnaire and 11-point numeric rating scale (NRS) of anxiety and pain. Results showed the NRS score during mammography (NRSduring) of the anxiety was lower than the NRS score before mammography (NRSbefore) of the anxiety in both reverse abdominal breathing (p=0.001) and music intervention groups (p=0.02). No significant difference was found between NRSduring and NRSbefore in anxiety in the control group (p=0.90). No significant differences were found in the NRSduring of pain among the reverse abdominal breathing, music intervention and control group (p=0.79). In conclusion, the reverse abdominal breathing and music intervention before and during mammography decreased the anxiety during mammography. However, there was no reported benefit on pain reduction during mammography.
並列關鍵字
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