山藥氮、鉀肥施用量之研究

Study on Application Rates of Nitrogen and Potassium Fertilizer in Yam 'TYS 8304'

廖乾華(Chien-Hua Liao) ； 劉廣泉(Koang-Chung Liu)

《桃園區農業改良場研究彙報》 55期 (2004/06) Pp. 23-35

https://doi.org/10.29567/ZHWHGX.200406.0003

摘要

本試驗旨在探討TYS8304山藥品系之適宜氮鉀肥施用量，以供農民種植參考。基肥前，施用苦土石灰2 t/ha，基肥施用牛糞堆肥5 t/ha及磷酐160 kg/ha之條件下，試驗採裂區設計，以氮素用量300、360及420 kg/ha三變級為主區，氧化鉀施用量400、500及600 kg/ha三變級為副區，試驗結果顯示，雖施用苦土石灰2 t/ha，收穫後土壤pH值仍較試驗前降低約1單位，土壤有效性鈣及鐵含量亦顯著較試驗前分別降低約250及500 mg/kg；成熟葉片中養分含量以鉀最高，且錳含量約為鐵含量2.2倍，唯各養分含量處理間差異均未達顯著水準；生育後期枯葉中氮、磷和鉀含量分別為13.0、0.7和21 g/kg；塊莖中鐵含量高達35.8－68.8 mg/kg，而錳含量則甚低，無法檢測；產量以施用氮素360 kg/ha及氧化鉀500 kg/ha之處理最高，約28,300 kg/ha。

關鍵字

山藥 ； 氮肥 ； 鉀肥

並列摘要

An experiment was conducted to determine the optimum application rates of nitrogen and potassium fertilizers for Yam 'TYS 8304'. Dolomite powder at a rate of 2 tons/ha was applied before base fertilizer, and cattle compost at a rate of 5 tons/ha and phosphorus fertilizer at a rate of 160 kg/ha were used as base fertilizer. A split-plot design was used, with 3-level of nitrogen treatment as main plot and 3-level of K2O treatment as subplot. After harvest, the soil pH of application of Dolomite powder at 2 tons/ha reduced 1.0 pH unit. Soil available Ca and Fe after trial decreased by 250 and 500 mg/kg, respectively. No significant differences was found in the nutrient contents of leaf tissues among treatments. However it was observed that the potassium content of mature leaves of yam 'TYS8304' was higher than other nutrient contents and the manganese content was about 2.2 times more than the iron content.The nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents of dry leaves at later growth stage were 13.0, 0.7, and 21 mg/kg, respectively. There was no significant difference in the nutrient contents of tubers among treatments. The iron content of tuber was 35.8-68.8 mg/kg, whereas the manganese content was undetected. The total yield of yam tuber was the highest when nitrogen at a rate of 360 kg/ha and potassium at a rate of 500 kg/ha K2O were applied.

並列關鍵字

Yam 'TYS 8304' ； nitrogen fertilizer ； potassium fertilizer