文化、社會與空間：評安東尼•金三本書及泛文化論

Culture, Society and Space: A Critique of Anthony King's Recent Books and Culturalism

陳志梧(Chih-Wu Chen)

《國立台灣大學建築與城鄉研究學報》 3期 (1987/09) Pp. 197-207

https://doi.org/10.6154/JBP.1987.3.010

摘要

本方爲安東尼•金最近編著論建築與城市的三書的評論，主要集中在方法論上討論，尤其是在1976年的《殖民都市發展》中既使用的「泛文化論」觀點。論者首先在空間理論發展的歷史脈絡中定位金之研究的意義及其與不向認識的關係，其後指出作者所使用之方法所交雜的「泛文化論」與「依賴理論」的弔詭，從而追溯「文化」這觀點的歷史發展、意指，以及其與人類社會實踐的關係，並以此批評「文化」這個觀念只是一種籠統的人文主義觀念，不是成爲人類社會，甚至空間研究的概念和工具。最後，論者指出作者在後兩書中的方法論轉變，使我們看到一個研究都市形式與建築類型的新取向。

並列摘要

The paper is a review of Anthony King's recently published books Colonial Urban Development (1976); Building and Society (1980); and The Bungalow (1984). The central discussion is focused on methodological level especially on the notion of ”culture” as an approach of spatial research which was applicated in his first book about the City of New Delhi.
The critic is trying to point out that there is a paradox in cooperating idealistic notion of ”culture” and materalistic approach of dependent development in King's method By tracing the development of the notion of ”culture” from ancient Greeks' down to that of Boasians', the author shows that culture is but a humanistic notion either to distingulish human being from other spieces, or, one society from the other. Afterwards, in order to demostrate that the notion is incapable to be used as a concept of spatial study, the author tries to locate the notion in the sphere of human praxis to discuss the relationship among the notion an spatial practice, and social production and reproduction.
Finally, the author points out that the shifting of approaches in King's last two books towards: Foucaultian method and ”dependent urbanization” gave us a new direction of spatial research.